Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 5, 80336, Munich, Germany.
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2023 Apr;143(4):1939-1945. doi: 10.1007/s00402-022-04396-3. Epub 2022 Mar 2.
Although metatarsal fractures are common, the significance of previous epidemiologic studies is limited to specific fracture entities, subpopulations, or heterogeneous fracture aetiologies. The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiology of isolated metatarsal fractures in an adult population at a level-1 trauma centre.
Radiological and clinical databases were searched for a five-year period. Eligible were all patients with acute isolated metatarsal fractures over the age of 18 years with radiographs in two planes available. Stress fractures, injuries affecting Lisfranc joint stability, and concomitant injuries to other regions than the metatarsals were excluded. Data collection included general demographics, mechanism of injury, season of the trauma and fracture details.
Out of 3259 patients, 642 patients met the inclusion criteria and were included for the analysis. The patients' mean age was 44.5 ± 18.9 years, 50.6% were female. 83.3% suffered an isolated, 16.7% multiple metatarsal fractures. Single metatarsal fractures occurred predominantly at the fifth metatarsal bone (81.3%), their frequency decreased with increasing age, with a seasonal peak during the summer. Patients suffering multiple metatarsal fractures were significantly older (51.6 ± 21.2 vs. 43.0 ± 18.1 years; p < 0.001) and the injury resulted significantly more often from a high-energy trauma (6.7% vs. 23.4%; p < 0.001). Multiple metatarsal fractures occurred evenly throughout all metatarsals but revealed a focus on female population with no seasonal differences.
Single metatarsal fractures predominantly occurred at the fifth metatarsal bone and showed a seasonal, gender and age dependency. Multiple metatarsal fractures were homogeneously distributed between the different metatarsals with distinct age-dependent gender differences.
Level III.
尽管跖骨骨折很常见，但以往的流行病学研究的意义仅限于特定的骨折实体、亚人群或异质的骨折病因。本研究旨在评估一家一级创伤中心的成年人群中孤立性跖骨骨折的流行病学情况。
在五年期间，对放射学和临床数据库进行了搜索。纳入标准为所有年龄大于 18 岁、有两个平面放射照片的急性孤立性跖骨骨折患者。排除应力性骨折、影响跖跗关节稳定性的损伤以及其他跖骨以外区域的合并损伤。数据收集包括一般人口统计学、损伤机制、创伤和骨折的季节细节。
在 3259 名患者中，有 642 名患者符合纳入标准并被纳入分析。患者的平均年龄为 44.5 ± 18.9 岁，女性占 50.6%。83.3%为单一跖骨骨折，16.7%为多发性跖骨骨折。单一跖骨骨折主要发生在第五跖骨（81.3%），其频率随年龄增加而降低，夏季达到高峰。多发性跖骨骨折患者明显更年长（51.6 ± 21.2 岁比 43.0 ± 18.1 岁；p < 0.001），损伤更常由高能创伤引起（6.7%比 23.4%；p < 0.001）。多发性跖骨骨折均匀分布于所有跖骨，但女性人群中更为集中，无季节性差异。
单一跖骨骨折主要发生在第五跖骨，具有季节性、性别和年龄依赖性。多发性跖骨骨折在不同跖骨之间均匀分布，存在明显的年龄相关性别差异。
III 级。
