Steffen R
Rev Infect Dis. 1986 May-Jun;8 Suppl 2:S122-30. doi: 10.1093/clinids/8.supplement_2.s122.
A retrospective survey, which is based on interviews conducted between 1975 and 1984 with 20,000 European tourists returning from 15 destinations in various climatic zones, demonstrates that travelers' diarrhea is the most frequent health problem encountered by travelers in the tropics. The incidence varied from 4% to 51%, depending on the destination. High-risk groups were persons younger than 30 years, adventurous travelers, and travelers with preexisting gastrointestinal illnesses. Illness acquired at various geographic regions showed only minor differences in chronology and symptomatology. The clinical course of travelers' diarrhea was usually short and mild. Additionally, by longitudinal and retrospective analyses, the incidence and prognosis of gastrointestinal infections of greater severity that were acquired after a short stay in a developing country, such as giardiasis, amebiasis, typhoid fever, and cholera, were evaluated; typhoid fever and cholera, in particular, were found to be quite rare.
一项回顾性调查基于1975年至1984年间对20000名从不同气候带的15个目的地返回的欧洲游客进行的访谈，结果表明，旅行者腹泻是热带地区旅行者最常遇到的健康问题。发病率从4%到51%不等，具体取决于目的地。高危人群包括30岁以下的人、喜欢冒险的旅行者以及原有胃肠道疾病的旅行者。在不同地理区域感染的疾病在发病时间和症状方面仅有微小差异。旅行者腹泻的临床病程通常较短且症状较轻。此外，通过纵向和回顾性分析，对在发展中国家短暂停留后感染的更严重胃肠道感染（如贾第虫病、阿米巴病、伤寒和霍乱）的发病率和预后进行了评估；特别是伤寒和霍乱，发现相当罕见。
