Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2022 Nov;36(7):762-774. doi: 10.1037/adb0000825. Epub 2022 Mar 3.
Impulsivity is an established etiological risk factor for alcohol- and cannabis-related outcomes. However, limited work has focused on longitudinal associations between multiple trait impulsivity facets and indices of alcohol and cannabis use among military veterans-a contextually distinct population that evidence unique impulsive personality traits and substance use patterns.
A structural equation model (SEM) examined longitudinal associations between five UPPS-P impulsivity facets measured at baseline and six indices of alcohol and cannabis use (i.e., frequency, quantity, and problems) measured at 1-year follow-up among 361 returning Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation Iraqi Freedom, and Operation New Dawn (OEF/OIF/OND) veterans.
Findings indicated baseline sensation seeking was significantly positively associated with 1-year alcohol use frequency (β = .18); baseline negative urgency was positively associated with alcohol use problems (β = .31); and baseline lack of perseverance (β = .25) and sensation seeking (β = .21) were positively associated with 1-year cannabis use problems. None of the baseline impulsivity facets were associated with 1-year alcohol use quantity, cannabis use frequency, or cannabis use quantity.
Results provide preliminary support that impulsivity may play a unique role in understanding alcohol- and cannabis-related problems over time among veterans. Further, results suggest that specific impulsivity facets are prospectively associated with cannabis problems (i.e., lack of perseverance and sensation seeking) and alcohol problems (i.e., negative urgency). Findings reinforce the importance of differentially evaluating impulsivity-substance use associations within contextually distinct populations (e.g., adolescent, veteran), and highlight potentially meaningful intervention targets among veterans. However, replication is needed with stronger temporal controls and more diverse veteran subsamples. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
冲动性是酒精和大麻相关结果的既定病因风险因素。然而，很少有研究关注多种特质冲动特质与军事退伍军人（一个具有独特冲动人格特质和物质使用模式的背景独特的人群）的酒精和大麻使用指标之间的纵向关联。
结构方程模型（SEM）考察了在 361 名返回持久自由行动、伊拉克自由行动和黎明行动（OEF/OIF/OND）的退伍军人中，基线时测量的五个 UPPS-P 冲动特质维度与 1 年随访时测量的六个酒精和大麻使用指标（即频率、数量和问题）之间的纵向关联。
研究结果表明，基线感觉寻求与 1 年酒精使用频率呈显著正相关（β=.18）；基线负性冲动与酒精使用问题呈正相关（β=.31）；而基线缺乏毅力（β=.25）和感觉寻求（β=.21）与 1 年大麻使用问题呈正相关。基线冲动特质维度均与 1 年酒精使用量、大麻使用频率或大麻使用量无关。
结果初步支持冲动性在退伍军人中随时间推移对理解酒精和大麻相关问题具有独特作用。此外，结果表明，特定的冲动特质维度与大麻问题（即缺乏毅力和感觉寻求）和酒精问题（即负性冲动）呈前瞻性相关。研究结果强调了在具有不同背景的人群（例如，青少年、退伍军人）中，对冲动性与物质使用的关联进行差异化评估的重要性，并突出了退伍军人中潜在的有意义的干预目标。然而，需要更强的时间控制和更多样化的退伍军人样本进行复制。
