Gunn Rachel L, Stevens Angela K, Micalizzi Lauren, Jackson Kristina M, Borsari Brian, Metrik Jane
Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies.
San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2020 Aug;28(4):426-437. doi: 10.1037/pha0000357. Epub 2020 Mar 5.
There is a high comorbidity between symptoms of depression and cannabis and alcohol use in civilian and veteran populations. Prospective studies attempting to clarify the directionality of these comorbidities have yielded mixed results. Further, the relations between these constructs and impulsive personality, particularly negative urgency (NU, the tendency to act rashly when experiencing emotional distress) warrants further attention, as NU relates to symptoms of depression and alcohol and cannabis use. Importantly, NU partially accounts for the association between symptoms of depression and cannabis and alcohol problems in cross-sectional studies. This study examined alternative theories of directionality in order to better understand the longitudinal associations between symptoms of depression, NU, and cannabis or alcohol use. Three semiannual waves of data (baseline, 6-month, and 12-month) were collected in parallel assessments from a sample of Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation Iraqi Freedom, and Operation New Dawn veterans ( = 361). Autoregressive cross-lagged panel models were used to test four alternative theory-driven models about the longitudinal associations between the interaction of symptoms of depression and NU and cannabis or alcohol use. Models revealed unique direction of effects specific to each substance, such that the interaction between symptoms of depression and NU at 6 months postbaseline predicted more alcohol use at 12 months postbaseline, whereas more cannabis use at 6 months postbaseline predicted more severe symptoms of depression at 12 months postbaseline. Results suggests alternate directions of effect for cannabis and alcohol use. Future research should examine these patterns over wider assessment periods in order to see more variability and change over time. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
在普通人群和退伍军人中，抑郁症状与大麻及酒精使用之间存在高度共病现象。试图厘清这些共病现象方向性的前瞻性研究结果不一。此外，这些构念与冲动型人格，尤其是消极紧迫性（即个体在经历情绪困扰时冲动行事的倾向）之间的关系值得进一步关注，因为消极紧迫性与抑郁症状以及酒精和大麻使用有关。重要的是，在横断面研究中，消极紧迫性部分解释了抑郁症状与大麻及酒精问题之间的关联。本研究检验了方向性的替代理论，以便更好地理解抑郁症状、消极紧迫性与大麻或酒精使用之间的纵向关联。从持久自由行动、伊拉克自由行动和新黎明行动的退伍军人样本（N = 361）中，通过平行评估收集了三轮半年期数据（基线期、6个月和12个月）。使用自回归交叉滞后面板模型来检验四种由理论驱动的替代模型，这些模型涉及抑郁症状与消极紧迫性的交互作用和大麻或酒精使用之间的纵向关联。模型揭示了每种物质特有的独特效应方向，即基线后6个月时抑郁症状与消极紧迫性的交互作用预测了基线后12个月时更多的酒精使用，而基线后6个月时更多的大麻使用则预测了基线后12个月时更严重的抑郁症状。结果表明大麻和酒精使用的效应方向不同。未来的研究应在更广泛的评估期内检验这些模式，以便观察到随时间变化的更多变异性和变化。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》（c）2020美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
