College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan Tepi University, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia.
Menelik II College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kotebe Metropolitan University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2022 Mar 3;17(3):e0264611. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264611. eCollection 2022.
In Ethiopia, data on the burden and determinants of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general population is limited. This community-based study was conducted to assess the burden and associated factors of CKD among adults in Southwest Ethiopia. The study was conducted from August 23, 2018-October 16, 2018. Study participants were selected using a random sampling method. A structured questionnaire was used to collect relevant data. Blood pressure and anthropometric indices were measured following standard procedures. About 5 ml of urine sample was collected and the dipstick test was performed immediately. A blood sample of 3-5ml was collected for serum creatinine and blood glucose level determination. The three commonest estimators of glomerular filtration rate and the National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative were used to define and stage CKD. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21. Multivariable logistic regression was employed and p-value <0.05 was used to indicate statistically significant results. A total of 326 participants with a mean age of 39.9(SD±11.2) years were enrolled in the study. The proportions of female participants (59.8%) were relatively higher than male participants (40.2%). The mean eGFR using CKD-EPI, CG and MDRD was 124.34 (SD±23.8) mL/min/1.73m2, 110.67(SD±33.0) mL/min/1.73m2 and 131.29 (SD±32.5) mL/min/1.73m2 respectively. The prevalence of CKD was 7.4% using CKD-EPI & MDRD and 8% using CG. Similar finding using CKD-EPI & MDRD may indicate that either CKD-EPI or MDRD can be used to estimate GFR in this study area. In the age and sex-adjusted logistic regression model, hypertension was significantly associated with CKD using CKD-EPI & MDRD and age ≥40 years old was significantly associated with CKD using CG. Behavioral characteristics and other traditional risk factors were not significantly associated with CKD in the current study. The prevalence of CKD was high in the study area. Only hypertension and age ≥40 years old were significantly associated with CKD. More of the increased prevalence of CKD in the current study remained unexplained and deserves further study.
在埃塞俄比亚，关于普通人群中慢性肾脏病（CKD）的负担和决定因素的数据有限。这项基于社区的研究旨在评估西南埃塞俄比亚成年人中 CKD 的负担和相关因素。该研究于 2018 年 8 月 23 日至 2018 年 10 月 16 日进行。研究参与者采用随机抽样方法选择。使用结构化问卷收集相关数据。血压和人体测量指数按照标准程序进行测量。收集约 5ml 的尿液样本，并立即进行尿试纸检查。采集 3-5ml 的血液样本用于测定血清肌酐和血糖水平。使用肾小球滤过率的三个最常用估计值和国家肾脏基金会肾脏病结果质量倡议来定义和分期 CKD。使用 SPSS 21 进行数据分析。采用多变量逻辑回归，p 值<0.05 表示具有统计学意义。共有 326 名平均年龄为 39.9（SD±11.2）岁的参与者参加了这项研究。女性参与者（59.8%）的比例相对高于男性参与者（40.2%）。使用 CKD-EPI、CG 和 MDRD 的平均 eGFR 分别为 124.34（SD±23.8）mL/min/1.73m2、110.67（SD±33.0）mL/min/1.73m2 和 131.29（SD±32.5）mL/min/1.73m2。使用 CKD-EPI 和 MDRD 的 CKD 患病率为 7.4%，使用 CG 的 CKD 患病率为 8%。使用 CKD-EPI 和 MDRD 可能表明，在本研究区域，要么使用 CKD-EPI，要么使用 MDRD 来估计 GFR。在年龄和性别调整的逻辑回归模型中，高血压与 CKD-EPI 和 MDRD 显著相关，年龄≥40 岁与 CG 显著相关。行为特征和其他传统危险因素与当前研究中的 CKD 无显著相关性。研究区域的 CKD 患病率较高。只有高血压和年龄≥40 岁与 CKD 显著相关。当前研究中 CKD 患病率增加的更多原因仍不清楚，值得进一步研究。
