Faculty of Health Sciences, 13298Tsukuba University of Technology, Tsukuba, Japan.
Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, 12847Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan.
Percept Mot Skills. 2022 Jun;129(3):349-361. doi: 10.1177/00315125211073024. Epub 2022 Mar 3.
In the present study, we aimed to explore whether countermovement jumps (CMJs) performed by young adults with and without visual impairment (VI) differ. We compared three participants with congenital VI to 10 participants without congenital VI when both groups performed CMJs with maximum effort. Although the maximum jump height did not differ between groups, all three participants with VI showed such reduced maximum downward velocity of the center of body mass and a relative net negative vertical impulse that, on these measures, they fell beyond two standard deviations from the mean scores of participants without VI. The range of motion for the leg joints and countermovement depth did not differ between groups. Although findings from our small sample should be cross-validated and trainers should take care to protect athletes from falls, it appears from our preliminary data that a path to improved CMJ performance for athletes with VI is to increase their movement velocity in the countermovement phase of the jump.
在本研究中，我们旨在探讨视力正常和视力受损（VI）的年轻人进行的反跳式跳跃（CMJ）是否存在差异。我们比较了 3 名先天性 VI 参与者和 10 名非先天性 VI 参与者在最大努力下进行 CMJ 时的情况。尽管两组的最大跳跃高度没有差异，但所有 3 名 VI 参与者的最大体质量中心向下速度和相对净负垂直冲击力都明显降低，这些指标表明他们的得分远低于非 VI 参与者的平均值的两个标准差。关节的运动范围和反跳深度在两组之间没有差异。尽管我们的小样本研究结果需要进一步验证，教练也应该注意保护运动员免受摔倒的伤害，但从我们的初步数据来看，对于 VI 运动员来说，提高 CMJ 表现的途径似乎是增加他们在跳跃的反跳阶段的运动速度。
