Razon Arafat Hassan, Haque Md Imamul, Ahmed Md Foyaj, Ahmad Tanvir
Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Bangladesh.
Heliyon. 2022 Feb 11;8(2):e08947. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08947. eCollection 2022 Feb.
Old age is one of the vulnerable and prone stages in terms of health status. So this study aimed to assess the nutritional status and common health complications of older people.
Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ), Anthropometric measurements, Diet History Method, and Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) tools were used to measure the nutritional status. Data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 16.
Out of the total 320 elderly participants the mean ± SD value for the age of male and female was 67.25 ± 6.5 and 67.32 ± 7.7 years respectively. According to BMI classification, it was noticed that with advancing age the percentage of underweight was also increased such as for 60-75 years old age group the underweight percentage was 30.0% where for 76 to 85 and >85 years old age group the underweight percentage was 45.0% and 60.0% respectively. According to the MNA score, 97 elderly respondents were malnourished and a total of 172 respondents had SNAQ scores below 14. This study found a statistically significant (P < 0.05) correlations among various health complications with nutritional status according to MNA score. In addition 56.6% (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = .799-1.939), 63.8% (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = .745-1.857) and 64.7% (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = .720-1.804) respondents had diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiovascular disease respectively. The risk of musculoskeletal pain (OR = 1.073, 95% CI = .684-1.681), bedsore (OR = 1.884, 95% CI = .903-3.934) and decreased sense of thirst (OR = 1.278, 95% CI = .821-1.991) were higher among females than males. A little number of the elderly used to take milk, meat, and fish daily.
During this cross-sectional study, significant correlations among nutritional changes with health complications were determined. To prevent malnutrition among the elderly a proper health policy as well as periodical nutritional screening should be conducted.
就健康状况而言，老年是易受影响且容易出现问题的阶段之一。因此，本研究旨在评估老年人的营养状况和常见健康并发症。
使用简化营养食欲问卷（SNAQ）、人体测量、饮食史方法和微型营养评定（MNA）工具来测量营养状况。数据采用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）16版进行分析。
在总共320名老年参与者中，男性和女性的平均年龄±标准差分别为67.25±6.5岁和67.32±7.7岁。根据体重指数分类，发现随着年龄增长，体重不足的百分比也有所增加，例如60 - 75岁年龄组的体重不足百分比为30.0%，76至85岁和85岁以上年龄组的体重不足百分比分别为45.0%和60.0%。根据MNA评分，97名老年受访者营养不良，共有172名受访者的SNAQ评分低于14。本研究发现，根据MNA评分，各种健康并发症与营养状况之间存在统计学显著相关性（P < 0.05）。此外，分别有56.6%（OR = 1.24，95% CI = 0.799 - 1.939）、63.8%（OR = 1.18，95% CI = 0.745 - 1.857）和64.7%（OR = 1.14，95% CI = 0.720 - 1.804）的受访者患有糖尿病、高血压和心血管疾病。女性患肌肉骨骼疼痛（OR = 1.073，95% CI = 0.684 - 1.681）、褥疮（OR = 1.884，95% CI = 0.903 - 3.934）和口渴感下降（OR = 1.278，95% CI = 0.821 - 1.991）的风险高于男性。只有少数老年人每天饮用牛奶、食用肉类和鱼类。
在这项横断面研究中，确定了营养变化与健康并发症之间的显著相关性。为预防老年人营养不良，应制定适当的健康政策并进行定期营养筛查。
