Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, 810008, People's Republic of China.
Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, 810008, People's Republic of China.
Theor Appl Genet. 2022 May;135(5):1705-1715. doi: 10.1007/s00122-022-04064-5. Epub 2022 Mar 4.
The genetic diversity and loci underlying agronomic traits were analyzed by the reads coverage and genome-wide association study based genotyping-by-sequencing in a diverse population consisting of 199 accessions. Triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) is an economically important grain forage and energy crop planted worldwide for its high biomass. Little is known about the genetic diversity and loci underlying agronomic traits in triticale. We performed genotyping-by-sequencing of 199 cultivars and mapped reads to the A, B, D, and R genomes for karyotype analysis. These cultivars could mostly be grouped into five types. Some chromosome abnormalities occurred with high frequency, such as 2D (2R) substitution, deletion of the long arm of chromosome 2D or the short arm of 5R, and translocation of the long arms of 7D/7A, the short arms of 6D/6A, or the long arms of 1D/1A. We chose only widely planted hexaploid triticale cultivars (153) for genome-wide association study. These cultivars could be divided into nine distinct groups, and the linkage disequilibrium decay was 25.4 kb in this population. We identified 253 significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) on 20 chromosomes, except 7R. Twenty-one reliable MTAs were identified repeatedly over two environments. We predicted 16 putative candidate genes involved in plant growth and development using the genome sequences of wheat and rye. These results provide a basis for understanding the genetic mechanisms of agronomic traits and will benefit the breeding of improved hexaploid triticale.
利用基于测序的基因型分析对来自 199 个品系的多样化群体进行了读覆盖度和全基因组关联研究，分析了其农艺性状的遗传多样性和相关基因座。黑小麦（×Triticosecale Wittmack）是一种重要的经济作物，因其生物量大，在世界各地被用作饲料和能源作物。关于黑小麦的农艺性状的遗传多样性和相关基因座，目前了解甚少。我们对 199 个品种进行了测序基因型分析，并将读取序列映射到 A、B、D 和 R 基因组以进行核型分析。这些品种可分为五个类型。发生频率较高的染色体异常包括 2D（2R）替换、2D 染色体长臂或 5R 染色体短臂缺失，以及 7D/7A 染色体长臂、6D/6A 染色体短臂或 1D/1A 染色体长臂易位。我们只选择了广泛种植的六倍体黑小麦品种（153 个）进行全基因组关联研究。这些品种可以分为九个不同的组，在该群体中，连锁不平衡的衰减为 25.4kb。我们在 20 条染色体上确定了 253 个显著的标记-性状关联（MTAs），7R 染色体除外。在两个环境中重复鉴定了 21 个可靠的 MTA。利用小麦和黑麦的基因组序列，我们预测了 16 个可能参与植物生长发育的候选基因。这些结果为了解农艺性状的遗传机制提供了基础，并将有助于改良六倍体黑小麦的选育。
