Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Department of Environmental Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2022 Mar 4;17(3):e0264816. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264816. eCollection 2022.
Birth asphyxia is a prominent and avoidable cause of infant illness and death worldwide, particularly in underdeveloped countries such as Ethiopia. Early identification and control of the underlying contributory factors would help to alleviate the situation. As a result, the goal of this study was to assess the magnitude and determinants of neonatal asphyxia among live newborns at the northern Gondar public Hospitals in northwest Ethiopia.
From April 1 to May 2, 2020, 357 newborns were studied in an institution-based cross-sectional study. The sample size was proportionally distributed among three public hospitals, namely Gondar referral teaching hospital, Debark general hospital, and Kola-Diba District Hospital, which was chosen at random. The number of deliveries given at each hospital six months prior to the data collecting period was used to allocate the hospitals. To get all participants, a systematic random sampling approach was adopted based on hospital delivery registration. The physicians' evaluation of an APGAR score of 7 in the first and fifth minutes of birth was used as the confirmation of birth asphyxia. Data was collected using a standardized and pretested questionnaire. Variables having p-values less than 0.25 were entered into a multivariable logistic regression analysis in the bivariable analysis. At a p-value of 0.05, a statistically significant level was reported.
As per the study, the total prevalence of neonatal asphyxia was found to be 27.1 (95% CI: 21.4, 32.7). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, neonates born to rural mothers (AOR = 2.441, 95% CI: 1.137, 5.241), primiparity (AOR = 5.521 95%CI: 1.691, 8.026), premature rupture of membrane, (AOR = 3.202, 95% CI: 1.484, 6.909) and low birth weight (< 2.5kg) (AOR = 3.706, 95%CI: 3.307, 4.152) were all found to be independent predictors of birth asphyxia.
This study identified that rural residence, primiparity, premature rupture of membrane, and birth weight were found to be the independent predictors of birth asphyxia. The majority of variables that cause birth asphyxia can be controlled.
出生窒息是全球婴儿疾病和死亡的一个突出且可避免的原因，尤其是在埃塞俄比亚等欠发达国家。早期识别和控制潜在的致病因素有助于缓解这种情况。因此，本研究的目的是评估在埃塞俄比亚西北部的北贡德尔公立医院中，活产新生儿中新生儿窒息的程度和决定因素。
2020 年 4 月 1 日至 5 月 2 日，在一项基于机构的横断面研究中对 357 名新生儿进行了研究。样本量按比例分配给三家公立医院，即贡德尔转诊教学医院、德班总医院和科拉-迪巴区医院，这些医院是随机选择的。每个医院在数据收集前六个月的分娩数量用于分配医院。为了获得所有参与者，采用系统随机抽样方法，基于医院分娩登记。医生在出生后第一分钟和第五分钟评估的 APGAR 评分为 7 分被用作出生窒息的确认。数据使用标准化和预测试的问卷收集。在单变量分析中，p 值小于 0.25 的变量被纳入多变量逻辑回归分析。在 p 值为 0.05 时，报告具有统计学意义的水平。
根据研究，新生儿窒息的总患病率为 27.1%（95%CI：21.4，32.7）。在多变量逻辑回归分析中，农村母亲所生的新生儿（AOR=2.441，95%CI：1.137，5.241）、初产妇（AOR=5.521，95%CI：1.691，8.026）、胎膜早破（AOR=3.202，95%CI：1.484，6.909）和低出生体重（<2.5kg）（AOR=3.706，95%CI：3.307，4.152）均为独立的出生窒息预测因素。
本研究发现，农村居民、初产妇、胎膜早破和出生体重是导致出生窒息的独立预测因素。大多数导致出生窒息的因素都可以得到控制。
