Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
BMJ Case Rep. 2022 Mar 4;15(3):e249269. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2022-249269.
Adrenal insufficiency is one of the most common endocrine disorders that presents in patients with HIV. Aetiologies of adrenal dysfunction include opportunistic infection, malignancy, such as lymphoma or Kaposi sarcoma, and chronic cytokine-mediated disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. In the case of lymphoma, the manifestation of adrenal insufficiency is most often via primary neoplastic infiltration. However, a spectrum of associated cytokine-mediated abnormal immune responses and coagulopathies may independently contribute to adrenal insufficiency. Literature regarding the presence of the endocrine disorder in patients with both HIV and lymphoma is scarce. We report a case of adrenal insufficiency in a patient with well-controlled HIV and advanced Hodgkin lymphoma without primary adrenal involvement with suboptimal response to corticosteroids who exhibited improvement following initiation of chemotherapy, demonstrating that chemotherapy should not be delayed until adrenal insufficiency resolves and in fact may aid in resolution of adrenal dysfunction.
肾上腺功能不全是 HIV 患者中最常见的内分泌紊乱之一。肾上腺功能障碍的病因包括机会性感染、恶性肿瘤,如淋巴瘤或卡波西肉瘤,以及慢性细胞因子介导的下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴破坏。在淋巴瘤的情况下,肾上腺功能不全的表现通常是通过原发性肿瘤浸润。然而,一系列相关的细胞因子介导的异常免疫反应和凝血功能障碍可能独立导致肾上腺功能不全。关于 HIV 和淋巴瘤患者中存在这种内分泌紊乱的文献很少。我们报告了一例 HIV 控制良好且患有晚期霍奇金淋巴瘤但无原发性肾上腺受累的肾上腺功能不全患者,该患者对皮质类固醇的反应不佳,在开始化疗后有所改善,表明不应延迟化疗直至肾上腺功能不全得到解决,实际上化疗可能有助于解决肾上腺功能障碍。