钠摄入量与高血压风险：观察性队列研究的系统评价和剂量反应荟萃分析。
Sodium Intake and Risk of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Observational Cohort Studies.
机构信息
Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
出版信息
Curr Hypertens Rep. 2022 May;24(5):133-144. doi: 10.1007/s11906-022-01182-9. Epub 2022 Mar 4.
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW
To assess the relationship between sodium intake and hypertension risk in cohort studies, based on a systematic review up to January 21, 2022, that also employed a dose-response meta-analysis.
RECENT FINDINGS
Dose-response analysis of available cohort studies (n = 11), using a dietary intake or urinary sodium excretion of 2 g/day as the reference category, showed an excess risk starting at 3 g/day. However, we found a linear relationship across the entire range of sodium exposure in an analysis restricted to studies that used 24 h urinary sodium excretion information and had a low risk of bias. This review confirms prior findings based on experimental studies and identified an almost linear relationship between sodium intake/excretion and hypertension risk in cohort studies, reinforcing the validity of recommendations to prevent cardiovascular disease through the reduction of sodium intake in both normotensive and hypertensive adults.
本次综述的目的
基于截至 2022 年 1 月 21 日的系统评价，评估队列研究中钠摄入量与高血压风险之间的关系，同时还进行了剂量-反应荟萃分析。
最近的发现
对可用队列研究（n=11）进行的剂量-反应分析中，以每天 2 克的饮食摄入或尿钠排泄作为参考类别，发现每天 3 克开始出现过量风险。然而，我们在一项仅限于使用 24 小时尿钠排泄信息且偏倚风险较低的研究的分析中，发现整个钠暴露范围内呈线性关系。本综述证实了基于实验研究的先前发现，并确定了队列研究中钠摄入量/排泄与高血压风险之间几乎呈线性关系，这进一步支持了通过减少正常血压和高血压成年人的钠摄入量来预防心血管疾病的建议的有效性。
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