Russell Dale W, Russell Cristel Antonia, Lei Zhike
Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Pepperdine University, Graziadio Business School, 24255 Pacific Coast Hwy, Malibu, CA, United States.
J Safety Res. 2022 Feb;80:293-301. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2021.12.012. Epub 2021 Dec 23.
Safety climate is a critical human factor that can increase safety-related behaviors and reduce accidents. This research reports on a three-phase program of development and validation of a safety climate survey tool initiated by U.S. Naval Surface Forces after numerous accidents and near misses.
The initial survey was administered to 4,042 sailors aboard 30 warships, and factor analysis supported a three-factor measure of a safety climate composed of operational compliance, positive work environment, and organizational resources. The predictive validity of the newly developed safety climate measure was tested against the number of accidents reported in the 12 months after the safety climate survey.
This analysis revealed that a positive work environment and operational compliance were linked to fewer accidents; surprisingly, organizational resources were linked to more accidents. Implications for future research on safety climate and occupational safety are discussed.
安全氛围是一个关键的人为因素，它可以增强与安全相关的行为并减少事故。本研究报告了美国海军水面部队在发生多次事故和险些发生事故后启动的一项安全氛围调查工具的三阶段开发和验证计划。
对30艘军舰上的4042名水手进行了初始调查，因素分析支持了一种由操作合规性、积极的工作环境和组织资源组成的安全氛围三因素测量方法。根据安全氛围调查后12个月内报告的事故数量，对新开发的安全氛围测量方法的预测效度进行了测试。
该分析表明，积极的工作环境和操作合规性与较少的事故相关；令人惊讶的是，组织资源与较多的事故相关。讨论了对未来安全氛围和职业安全研究的启示。
