Republic of Korea Navy Headquarters, Republic of Korea.
Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
PLoS One. 2023 Apr 4;18(4):e0283653. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283653. eCollection 2023.
The Republic of Korea Navy (ROKN) has applied Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS), but the effectiveness of OHSMS is being questioned due to continuous industrial accidents that continue to occur. Although OHSMS, which has been generally applied in enterprises, has more potential for improper implementation in the military, there are few studies on OHSMS in the military. Therefore, this study verified the effectiveness of OHSMS in the ROKN and derived improvement factors. This study was conducted in a two-step process. First, we surveyed 629 workers at the ROKN workplaces to confirm the effectiveness of OHSMS by comparing occupational health and safety (OHS) efforts according to whether OHSMS was applied and the period of application. Second, 29 naval OHSMS experts evaluated the factors for improving OHSMS using two decision-making tools: Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)-entropy and Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). The study results indicate that the OHS efforts of OHSMS-applied workplaces were similar to that of unapplied. Also, no better OHS efforts were identified in workplaces with more extended OHSMS application periods. There were five improvement factors of OHSMS applied to the ROKN workplaces, with the highest weight in the following order: consultation and participation of workers; resources; competence; hazard identification and risk assessment; and organizational roles, responsibilities, and authorities. The effectiveness of OHSMS in the ROKN was insufficient. Therefore, the ROKN needs focused improvement efforts on the five requirements to implement OHSMS practically. These results can be helpful information for the ROKN to apply OHSMS more effectively for industrial safety.
韩国海军（ROKN）已经应用了职业健康安全管理体系（OHSMS），但由于持续发生的工业事故，其有效性受到质疑。虽然 OHSMS 已经在企业中得到广泛应用，但在军队中实施可能存在更多不当之处，而关于军队中的 OHSMS 的研究却很少。因此，本研究旨在验证 ROKN 中 OHSMS 的有效性，并得出改进因素。本研究分两步进行。首先，我们对 ROKN 工作场所的 629 名工人进行了调查，通过比较根据是否应用 OHSMS 以及应用期限而进行的职业健康与安全（OHS）措施，来确认 OHSMS 的有效性。其次，29 名海军 OHSMS 专家使用两种决策工具：层次分析法（AHP）-熵和重要性-绩效分析（IPA），对提高 OHSMS 的因素进行了评估。研究结果表明，应用 OHSMS 的工作场所的 OHS 措施与未应用 OHSMS 的工作场所相似。此外，在 OHSMS 应用期限更长的工作场所中，并没有发现更好的 OHS 措施。对应用于 ROKN 工作场所的 OHSMS 有五个改进因素，按权重从高到低依次为：工人的咨询和参与；资源；能力；危害识别和风险评估；以及组织角色、责任和权限。ROKN 中 OHSMS 的有效性不足。因此，ROKN 需要集中精力改进这五个要求，以实际实施 OHSMS。这些结果可为 ROKN 更有效地应用 OHSMS 以确保工业安全提供有价值的信息。
