Halliwell B
Cell Biol Int Rep. 1978 Mar;2(2):113-28. doi: 10.1016/0309-1651(78)90032-2.
It seems that superoxide dismutase plays the key role in protecting aerobes against O2 toxicity, but there is a whole range of ancillary mechanisms: enzymes to remove H2O2 (catalase, peroxidases) and hence to control formation of .OH from O2, which requires H2O2; antioxidants (ascorbate, GSH, alpha-tocopherol, carotenoids), which also react with singlet oxygen and/or .OH and often inhibit lipid peroxidation and last, but not least in animals, glutathione peroxidase, which controls the rate of lipid peroxidation. These mechanisms cope well at normal O2 concentrations but are insufficient at higher levels.
超氧化物歧化酶似乎在保护需氧生物免受氧气毒性方面起着关键作用，但还有一系列辅助机制：用于去除过氧化氢的酶（过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶），从而控制由需要过氧化氢的氧气形成羟基自由基；抗氧化剂（抗坏血酸、谷胱甘肽、α-生育酚、类胡萝卜素），它们也与单线态氧和/或羟基自由基反应，并且经常抑制脂质过氧化，最后但同样重要的是在动物体内，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶，它控制脂质过氧化的速率。这些机制在正常氧气浓度下能很好地发挥作用，但在较高水平时则不足。
