Rodriguez Ariel N, Roethke Lindsay C, Liechti Daniel J, LaPrade Robert F
Twin Cities Orthopedics, Edina-Crosstown, Edina, Minnesota, U.S.A.
Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C., U.S.A.
Arthrosc Tech. 2022 Feb 18;11(3):e403-e408. doi: 10.1016/j.eats.2021.11.008. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Osteochondral defects of the knee often occur as a result of traumatic injury, repetitive microtrauma, or genetic predisposition. Smaller lesions can be treated nonoperatively in younger patient populations; however, large symptomatic lesions require surgical intervention using a fresh osteochondral allograft transplant. Although osteochondral defects classically appear on the lateral aspect of the medial femoral condyle, there have been cases in which the lesion is located on the posterior aspect of the lateral femoral condyle. To access these posteriorly located lesions, the surgeon must utilize a complex posterior approach in order to successfully manage these lesions. While care must be taken to protect the neurovascular bundle in this area, this technique allows for excellent exposure and optimal graft placement.
膝关节骨软骨损伤常因创伤性损伤、重复性微创伤或遗传易感性而发生。较小的损伤在年轻患者群体中可采用非手术治疗；然而，较大的有症状损伤需要使用新鲜骨软骨同种异体移植进行手术干预。虽然骨软骨损伤经典地出现在股骨内侧髁的外侧，但也有病变位于股骨外侧髁后侧的病例。为了处理这些位于后侧的病变，外科医生必须采用复杂的后侧入路，以便成功处理这些病变。虽然在该区域必须小心保护神经血管束，但该技术可实现良好的暴露和最佳的移植物放置。
