Liu Kun-He, Xue Yu-Qin, Zhu Lan-Ping, Xu Fei, Zhu Zhi-Hao, Zhang Tuo, Zhang Fu-Bin
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China.
Institute of Natural Resurces and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2022 Mar 8;43(3):1620-1629. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202106174.
The purpose of this study was to clarify the differences in soil bacterial community diversity in different land uses in the coastal zone of the Jialing River and to provide theoretical reference for reasonable land development and resource protection of the Jialing River basin. Based on second generation high-throughput sequencing technology, the diversity, structural composition, functional types, and influencing factors of soil bacterial communities in different land use types were analyzed. The results showed that:① there were some differences in soil physical and chemical properties among different land uses. The nutritional indexes of agricultural land and soil wetland were significantly higher than those of natural forest land and sandy soil wetland (<0.05). ②The Ace, Shannon, and Chao indexes of sandy soil wetland and soil wetland were significantly higher than those of natural forest land and agricultural land (<0.05). The Simpson index of soil bacteria in different land use types was significantly different (<0.05). ③ The dominant phyla of soil bacteria in the coastal zone of the Jialing River were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriata, Acidobacteriata, and Chloroflexi, and the relative abundance accounted for more than 65%. The community structure of sandy soil wetland was similar to that of soil wetland and was significantly different from that of other land use types (<0.05). ④ Primary functional metabolism was the core function of the bacterial community, accounting for more than 75%. Agricultural activities had the greatest impact on the community function, which significantly improved the metabolism of amino acids and carbohydrates, enhanced the utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus, reduced the metabolism of energy and coenzyme vitamins, and weakened the resistance of bacterial community to environmental impact (<0.05). ⑤ Total phosphorus (TP) was the key influencing factor of the soil bacterial community. In conclusion, the construction of the wetland habitat in the Jialing River coastal zone is most conducive to the development of underground ecological diversity and the stability of the soil ecosystem.
本研究旨在阐明嘉陵江沿岸不同土地利用方式下土壤细菌群落多样性的差异，为嘉陵江流域土地合理开发及资源保护提供理论参考。基于第二代高通量测序技术，分析了不同土地利用类型土壤细菌群落的多样性、结构组成、功能类型及影响因素。结果表明：①不同土地利用方式下土壤理化性质存在一定差异。农田和土壤湿地的养分指标显著高于天然林地和沙质土壤湿地（<0.05）。②沙质土壤湿地和土壤湿地的Ace、Shannon和Chao指数显著高于天然林地和农田（<0.05）。不同土地利用类型土壤细菌的Simpson指数差异显著（<0.05）。③嘉陵江沿岸土壤细菌的优势菌门为变形菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门和绿弯菌门，相对丰度占比超过65%。沙质土壤湿地的群落结构与土壤湿地相似，与其他土地利用类型差异显著（<0.05）。④初级功能代谢是细菌群落的核心功能，占比超过75%。农业活动对群落功能影响最大，显著提高了氨基酸和碳水化合物的代谢，增强了氮磷利用，降低了能量和辅酶维生素的代谢，削弱了细菌群落对环境影响的抗性（<0.05）。⑤总磷（TP）是土壤细菌群落的关键影响因素。综上所述，嘉陵江沿岸湿地生境的构建最有利于地下生态多样性的发展和土壤生态系统的稳定。
