Postgraduate Department of Zoology, Darrang College, Tezpur, Assam, India.
Department of Zoology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India.
J Pharm Pharmacol. 2022 May 20;74(5):619-645. doi: 10.1093/jpp/rgab175.
Polygonum hydropiper is a herb with worldwide distribution, having tremendous value as traditional medicine among different communities. It is used to cure many kinds of ailments such as gynaecological disorders, ulcer, anxiety, pain, cancer, etc. The present review gives emphasis on a thorough and updated study of the botanical description and taxonomy, distribution, habitat, ethnopharmacology, phytochemical constituents, pharmacological activities and toxicological aspects of P. hydropiper.
The information included in this review was collected from different scientific databases like PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, etc. In addition to the botanical description and taxonomy, lots of ethnomedicinal use of the water-pepper plant could be found.
A good number of compounds belonging to the categories like alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, etc. were confirmed to be present in the plant. Moreover, in different studies, this plant was found to possess activities like anti-Alzheimer, antibacterial, antidementia, antifertility, neuropharmacological, sedative, anxiolytic, thrombolytic and membrane-stabilizing activity, etc. with minimal toxicity.
These properties may be directly related to its possession of a large number of bioactive molecules of different categories. Based on these properties, isolation of responsible compound(s), evaluation of molecular mechanisms of their action and clinical trials are recommended.
水麻是一种分布广泛的草本植物，在不同的社区中作为传统药物具有巨大的价值。它被用于治疗许多疾病，如妇科疾病、溃疡、焦虑、疼痛、癌症等。本综述重点对水麻的植物学描述和分类、分布、生境、民族药理学、植物化学成分、药理学活性和毒理学方面进行了全面和更新的研究。
本综述中包含的信息是从不同的科学数据库（如 PubMed、ScienceDirect、Google Scholar 等）收集的。除了植物学描述和分类外，还可以找到大量关于水麻植物的民族医学用途。
证实该植物中存在许多属于生物碱、碳水化合物、类黄酮等类别的化合物。此外，在不同的研究中，该植物被发现具有抗阿尔茨海默病、抗菌、抗痴呆、抗生育、神经药理学、镇静、抗焦虑、溶栓和膜稳定活性等活性，且毒性极小。
这些特性可能与其拥有大量不同类别的生物活性分子直接相关。基于这些特性，建议进行负责化合物的分离、作用机制的分子评价和临床试验。
