Urology Unit, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.
Translational Oncology and Urology Research, King's College London, London, UK.
BMJ Open. 2022 Mar 8;12(3):e049241. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049241.
There are currently no national guidelines regarding bladder cancer treatment and clinical care pathways in Nigeria. The aim of this scoping review was to identify any gaps in the knowledge of epidemiology, clinical care and translational research in order to aid the development of a defined clinical care pathway and guide future research.
A scoping review was conducted by searching Medline, Ovid Gateway, The Cochrane library and Open Grey literature using predefined search terms from date of inception to June 2020. Studies were included if they discussed the epidemiology or treatment pathway of bladder cancer. All data were charted and were analysed in a descriptive manner. A consultation phase was also conducted consisting of a multidisciplinary team of clinicians and bladder cancer survivors.
A total of 19 studies were deemed suitable for inclusion. The themes included the epidemiology of bladder cancer (high prevalence of schistosomiasis), research surrounding the biology of the disease and translational research including potential biomarkers. The consultation phase highlighted some possible sociocultural and infrastructural issues relating to both the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer, with poor knowledge of bladder cancer and its symptoms within the general population identified as a key issue.
Even though the factors surrounding the relationship between schistosomiasis and the histopathology of bladder cancer remain unclear, there is potential for screening for schistosomiasis in endemic regions of sub-Saharan Africa. Other key areas for future research include the dissemination of information to the general population surrounding bladder cancer and its symptoms to encourage prompt diagnosis.
尼日利亚目前尚无膀胱癌治疗和临床护理路径的国家指南。本范围综述的目的是确定在流行病学、临床护理和转化研究方面的知识差距，以帮助制定明确的临床护理路径并指导未来的研究。
通过在 Medline、Ovid Gateway、Cochrane 图书馆和 Open Grey 文献中使用预设的搜索词，从成立日期到 2020 年 6 月，进行了范围综述。如果研究讨论了膀胱癌的流行病学或治疗途径，则将其纳入。所有数据均以图表形式记录，并以描述性方式进行分析。还进行了一个咨询阶段，包括一个由临床医生和膀胱癌幸存者组成的多学科团队。
共纳入 19 项适合的研究。主题包括膀胱癌的流行病学（血吸虫病的高患病率）、疾病生物学的研究以及包括潜在生物标志物在内的转化研究。咨询阶段强调了与膀胱癌诊断和治疗相关的一些可能的社会文化和基础设施问题，普通人群对膀胱癌及其症状的了解不足被确定为一个关键问题。
尽管血吸虫病与膀胱癌组织病理学之间的关系的相关因素仍不清楚，但在撒哈拉以南非洲的血吸虫病流行地区，筛查血吸虫病仍具有一定的潜力。未来研究的其他关键领域包括向普通人群传播有关膀胱癌及其症状的信息，以鼓励及时诊断。
