Dornsife School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Autism Res. 2022 May;15(5):957-970. doi: 10.1002/aur.2698. Epub 2022 Mar 8.
Prior work has suggested associations between prenatal exposure to several classes of pesticides and child autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We examined a previously developed pesticide residue burden score (PRBS) and intake of high pesticide residue foods in association with ASD-related traits. Participants were drawn from the Early Autism Risk Longitudinal Investigation (EARLI) (n = 256), a cohort following mothers who previously had a child with ASD through a subsequent pregnancy and that child's development. ASD-related traits were captured according to total Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) scores at age 3 (mean raw total SRS score = 35.8). Dietary intake was assessed through a food frequency questionnaire collected during pregnancy. We also incorporated organic intake and fatty foods in modified versions of the PRBS. Associations between high-residue fruit and vegetable intake, the overall PRBS and modified versions of it, and SRS scores were assessed using multivariable linear regression. Overall, we did not observe associations between pesticide residues in foods and ASD-related outcomes, and modified versions of the PRBS yielded similar findings. However, reductions in ASD-related traits were observed with higher overall fruit and vegetable intake (adjusted estimates for Q4 vs. Q1: β -12.76, 95%CI -27.8, 2.3). Thus, findings from this high familial probability cohort did not suggest relationships between pesticide residues in the diet according to the PRBS and ASD-related traits. Beneficial effects of fruit and vegetable intake may influence these relationships. Future work should consider fruit and vegetable intake in association with ASD-related outcomes. LAY SUMMARY: Diet is the main source of exposure to most pesticides in use today. In this study, we examined the relationship between pesticide exposure from residues in the diet during pregnancy and child autism-related traits. We found that these pesticide residues from the diet were not related to child autism-related outcomes at age three. However, higher prenatal fruit and vegetable intake was associated with reductions in child autism-related traits.
先前的研究表明，孕妇在产前接触几类农药与儿童自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）之间存在关联。我们研究了先前开发的农药残留负担评分（PRBS）和高农药残留食品的摄入量与 ASD 相关特征之间的关系。参与者来自早期自闭症风险纵向研究（EARLI）（n=256），这是一个在母亲再次怀孕后跟踪之前有 ASD 儿童的队列，以及该儿童的发育情况。ASD 相关特征根据 3 岁时的总社会反应量表（SRS）得分（平均原始总 SRS 得分=35.8）来捕捉。通过在怀孕期间收集的食物频率问卷来评估饮食摄入情况。我们还在 PRBS 的修改版本中纳入了有机食品和高脂肪食品。使用多变量线性回归评估高残留水果和蔬菜摄入量、整体 PRBS 及其修改版本与 SRS 评分之间的关系。总体而言，我们没有观察到食物中农药残留与 ASD 相关结果之间的关系，PRBS 的修改版本也得出了类似的结果。然而，随着水果和蔬菜摄入量的增加，ASD 相关特征的减少得到了观察（Q4 与 Q1 相比的调整估计值：β-12.76，95%CI-27.8，2.3）。因此，来自这个高家族可能性队列的研究结果表明，根据 PRBS，饮食中的农药残留与 ASD 相关特征之间没有关系。水果和蔬菜摄入量的有益影响可能会影响这些关系。未来的研究应该考虑将水果和蔬菜的摄入量与 ASD 相关的结果联系起来。
解析：这段英文文本讨论了农药残留与儿童自闭症谱系障碍之间的关系。首先，文本提到了先前的研究表明孕妇在产前接触某些农药与儿童自闭症之间存在关联。然后，文本介绍了一个名为 EARLI 的队列研究，该研究跟踪了之前有自闭症儿童的母亲，以及她们随后的怀孕和孩子的发育情况。研究人员评估了自闭症相关特征，包括社会反应量表得分。接着，文本提到了一种叫做 PRBS 的农药残留负担评分方法，以及高农药残留食品的摄入量与自闭症相关特征之间的关系。研究结果表明，饮食中的农药残留与自闭症相关特征之间没有关系。然而，更高的水果和蔬菜摄入量与自闭症相关特征的减少有关。
