Ali Abdellah H K
Department of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
Open Respir Med J. 2021 Dec 31;15:52-58. doi: 10.2174/1874306402115010052. eCollection 2021.
Identifying the distribution of allergens is valuable to the effective diagnosis and treatment of allergic disease. So, our aim is to explore the sensitization of food and aeroallergens in Egyptian patients with atopic asthma.
Cross-sectional study recruited 268 Egyptian patients with atopic asthma. Asthmatic patients were assessed by the enzyme allegro sorbent test (EAST) method for specific IgE to a panel of 19 common regional inhaled allergens and 15 food allergens.
One hundred percent of the patients were sensitive to at least one allergen. Allergy to food allergens only was 2.9%; inhaled allergens only were 26.2% and both were70.9%. Fungi (62%) were the most frequent sensitizing aeroallergen amongst our asthmatic patients, followed by the pollen allergens (42.5%) and house dust mites (HDMs) (26%). Cows' milk (30.5%) was the most frequent sensitizing food amongst our asthmatic patients, followed by eggs (22.4%) and fish (21.6%). Mono-sensitized patients accounted for 6.7% of all cases, while polysensitized was 93.3%. Moderate and severe asthma showed a significantly higher frequency of polysensitization compared to mild asthma.
Fungi and cow's milk are the chief sensitizing allergens in Egyptian patients with atopic asthma. This study represents the first report of sensitization in atopic adult asthma using a large extract panel in Upper Egypt.
确定过敏原的分布对于过敏性疾病的有效诊断和治疗具有重要价值。因此，我们的目的是探讨埃及特应性哮喘患者对食物和空气过敏原的致敏情况。
横断面研究招募了268例埃及特应性哮喘患者。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（EAST）方法对哮喘患者进行19种常见的区域性吸入性过敏原和15种食物过敏原特异性IgE的检测。
100%的患者对至少一种过敏原敏感。仅对食物过敏的患者占2.9%；仅对吸入性过敏原过敏的患者占26.2%，对两者都过敏的患者占70.9%。在我们的哮喘患者中，真菌（62%）是最常见的致敏空气过敏原，其次是花粉过敏原（42.5%）和屋尘螨（26%）。牛奶（30.5%）是我们哮喘患者中最常见的致敏食物，其次是鸡蛋（22.4%）和鱼（21.6%）。单致敏患者占所有病例的6.7%，而多致敏患者占93.3%。与轻度哮喘相比，中度和重度哮喘的多致敏频率显著更高。
真菌和牛奶是埃及特应性哮喘患者主要的致敏过敏原。本研究是埃及上埃及地区首次使用大量提取物对特应性成人哮喘致敏情况进行的报道。
