Faculty of Educational Sciences.
J Fam Psychol. 2023 Mar;37(2):161-172. doi: 10.1037/fam0000982. Epub 2022 Mar 10.
Grounded in self-determination theory, this study aimed to (a) identify profiles of parental autonomy support and control and (b) examine how these profiles predict indicators of adolescents' career development (i.e., autonomy and competence in career exploration and indecision). To this end, we used three annual waves of data covering the postsecondary transition: the last 2 years of secondary school (T1 and T2) and 1 year after graduation (T3). The sample included 637 French-Canadian adolescents (54% girls; at T1 = 14). Latent profile analyses were conducted to identify parenting profiles at T1 and T2, which were then associated with the indicators of career development at T2 and T3, respectively, while controlling for their autoregressive effects and sociodemographic information. Four comparable profiles were identified at both waves (i.e., and ), with a fifth profile (i.e., ) emerging only at T2. As expected, adolescents reported the highest levels of autonomy and competence and the lowest levels of indecision at both T2 and T3. The expected maladaptive nature of the profile, however, was found only at T3, when this profile of adolescents became clearly differentiated from the autonomy supported profile on their career development outcomes. Regardless of the saliency of one specific controlling strategy, parental control hampered adolescents' career development, undermining autonomy and competence in career decision-making. These findings reiterate the benefits of autonomy support and the costs of parental control in adolescents' career development particularly in the long run. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
（a）确定父母自主支持和控制的模式；（b）考察这些模式如何预测青少年职业发展的指标（即职业探索和决策犹豫不决中的自主性和能力）。为此，我们使用了涵盖高等教育过渡的三个年度数据波：中学的最后两年（T1 和 T2）和毕业后的一年（T3）。样本包括 637 名法裔加拿大青少年（54%为女性；T1 时为 14 岁）。进行潜在剖面分析以确定 T1 和 T2 时的养育模式，然后分别将这些模式与 T2 和 T3 时的职业发展指标相关联，同时控制其自回归效应和社会人口信息。在两个波次中都确定了四个可比的模式（即，和），第五个模式（即）仅在 T2 时出现。正如预期的那样，在 T2 和 T3 时， 青少年报告的自主性和能力最高，决策犹豫不决程度最低。然而，只有在 T3 时才发现 模式的预期适应性差，此时该青少年群体的模式在职业发展结果上与自主支持模式明显区分开来。无论特定控制策略的重要性如何，父母控制都阻碍了青少年的职业发展，破坏了他们在职业决策中的自主性和能力。这些发现重申了在青少年职业发展中，自主性支持的好处和父母控制的代价，尤其是从长远来看。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2023 APA，保留所有权利）。
