Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
J Appl Microbiol. 2022 Jun;132(6):4517-4530. doi: 10.1111/jam.15520. Epub 2022 Mar 21.
Childcare facilities act as microenvironments that facilitate and promote the selection, spread and transmission of antibiotic-resistant micro-organisms in the community. We focused on the study of antimicrobial resistance and genetic predispositions for β-lactamase production in bacterial isolates from nursery teachers' clothing.
Antimicrobial resistance of bacterial strains belonging to Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. isolated from 80 samples of nursery teachers' clothing was determined. The selected ESβL genes were found in 30 (44.1%) of 68 strains examined. The CTX-M type ESβL determinants were detected in 15.4%, 71.5% and 42.5% of the Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas and Bacillus isolates, respectively. The OXA-type coding genes were detected only in strains of the genera Pseudomonas (57.1%) and Bacillus (48.6%). Thus, most B. cereus strains were sensitive to the recommended antibiotics used to treat infections caused by these bacteria. Methicillin resistance was phenotypically confirmed in 27 (14.6%) of 185 staphylococcal isolates. Four isolates (2.2%) were identified as MRSA. Vancomycin resistance was not observed in any of the staphylococcal and enterococci strains.
This study has shown that potential pathogens have been isolated from the clothing of nursery teachers, posing a risk of transmission to children. These clothes should be maintained and properly laundered to avoid cross-contamination and the spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in childcare centres.
This study provides insight into the route of transmission of MDR micro-organisms through the clothing of nursery teachers, to which greater importance should be given in the future. Proper procedures for the cleaning and use of clothing in daycare centres should be clarified and standardized.
儿童保育设施充当微环境，促进和推动社区中抗生素耐药微生物的选择、传播和传播。我们专注于研究从保育员服装中分离的细菌分离株的抗菌药物耐药性和β-内酰胺酶产生的遗传倾向。
对 80 份保育员服装样本中的细菌分离株进行了属于肠杆菌科、肠球菌属、葡萄球菌属、假单胞菌属和芽孢杆菌属的抗菌药物耐药性测定。在所检查的 68 株菌中，发现了 30 株（44.1%）携带所选 ESβL 基因。肠杆菌科、假单胞菌和芽孢杆菌的 CTX-M 型 ESβL 决定簇分别在 15.4%、71.5%和 42.5%的菌株中检测到。仅在假单胞菌（57.1%）和芽孢杆菌（48.6%）属的菌株中检测到 OXA 型编码基因。因此，大多数蜡样芽孢杆菌菌株对用于治疗这些细菌引起的感染的推荐抗生素敏感。在 185 株葡萄球菌分离株中，27 株（14.6%）表型证实对甲氧西林耐药。4 株（2.2%）鉴定为 MRSA。未在任何葡萄球菌和肠球菌分离株中观察到万古霉素耐药性。
本研究表明，从保育员的服装中分离出了潜在的病原体，存在向儿童传播的风险。这些衣服应保持并适当洗涤，以避免在儿童保育中心发生交叉污染和传播多药耐药（MDR）细菌。
本研究深入了解了 MDR 微生物通过保育员服装传播的途径，未来应更加重视这一点。应明确并标准化日托中心服装的清洁和使用程序。
