Li Danfeng, Hou Lizhen, Gao Yaxin, Tian Zhiliang, Fan Bei, Wang Fengzhong, Li Shuying
Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China.
Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
Foods. 2022 Mar 2;11(5):739. doi: 10.3390/foods11050739.
Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) is a natural, safe, non-immunogenic, biodegradable, and environmentally friendly glutamic biopolymer. γ-PGA has been regarded as a promising bio-based materials in the food field, medical field, even in environmental engineering field, and other industrial fields. Microbial synthesis is an economical and effective way to synthesize γ-PGA. species are the most widely studied producing strains. γ-PGA biosynthesis involves metabolic pathway of racemization, polymerization, transfer, and catabolism. Although microbial synthesis of γ-PGA has already been used extensively, productivity and yield remain the major constraints for its industrial application. Metabolic regulation is an attempt to solve the above bottleneck problems and meet the demands of commercialization. Therefore, it is important to understand critical factors that influence γ-PGA microbial synthesis in depth. This review focuses on production strains, biosynthetic pathway, and metabolic regulation. Moreover, it systematically summarizes the functional properties, purification procedure, and industrial application of γ-PGA.
聚-γ-谷氨酸（γ-PGA）是一种天然、安全、无免疫原性、可生物降解且环保的谷氨酸生物聚合物。γ-PGA在食品领域、医学领域乃至环境工程领域及其他工业领域一直被视为一种有前景的生物基材料。微生物合成是合成γ-PGA的一种经济有效的方法。 是研究最为广泛的生产菌株。γ-PGA的生物合成涉及消旋化、聚合、转移和分解代谢的代谢途径。尽管γ-PGA的微生物合成已被广泛应用，但其生产力和产量仍是其工业应用的主要限制因素。代谢调控是试图解决上述瓶颈问题并满足商业化需求的一种尝试。因此，深入了解影响γ-PGA微生物合成的关键因素很重要。本综述聚焦于生产菌株、生物合成途径和代谢调控。此外，它还系统总结了γ-PGA的功能特性、纯化方法及工业应用。
