Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16171 Cuenca, Spain.
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3460000, Chile.
Nutrients. 2022 Feb 27;14(5):1009. doi: 10.3390/nu14051009.
Arterial stiffness, a significant prognostic factor of cardiovascular disease, may be affected by dietary factors. Research on the effects of oral vitamin supplements on arterial stiffness and/or endothelial function has produced controversial results. Therefore, the aim of this network meta-analysis was to comparatively assess the effect of different types of oral vitamin supplements on arterial stiffness in the adult population. We searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for randomized controlled trials from their inception to 30 September 2021. A network meta-analysis using a frequentist perspective was conducted to assess the effects of different types of oral vitamin supplements on arterial stiffness, as determined by pulse wave velocity. In total, 22 studies were included, with a total of 1318 participants in the intervention group and 1115 participants in the placebo group. The included studies were listed in an ad hoc table describing direct and indirect comparisons of the different types of vitamins. Our findings showed that, in both pairwise comparison and frequentist network meta-analysis, the different types of oral vitamin supplements did not show statistically significant effects on arterial stiffness. However, when oral vitamin supplementation was longer than 12 weeks, vitamin D3 showed a significant reduction in arterial stiffness, compared with the placebo (ES: -0.15; 95% CI: -0.30, -0.00; -60.0% m/s) and vitamin D2 (ES: -0.25; 95% CI: -0.48, -0.02, -52.0% m/s). In summary, our study confirms that oral vitamin D3 supplementation for more than 12 weeks could be an effective approach to reduce arterial stiffness and could be considered a useful approach to improve vascular health in patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease.
动脉僵硬度是心血管疾病的一个重要预后因素，可能受到饮食因素的影响。关于口服维生素补充剂对动脉僵硬度和/或内皮功能影响的研究结果存在争议。因此，本网络荟萃分析旨在比较评估不同类型口服维生素补充剂对成年人群动脉僵硬度的影响。我们检索了 PubMed、Embase、Cochrane 图书馆和 Web of Science 数据库，以获取从建库至 2021 年 9 月 30 日的随机对照试验。使用频率论视角进行网络荟萃分析，以评估不同类型口服维生素补充剂对脉搏波速度测定的动脉僵硬度的影响。共纳入 22 项研究，干预组共有 1318 名参与者，安慰剂组有 1115 名参与者。纳入的研究在专门的表格中列出，描述了不同类型维生素的直接和间接比较。我们的研究结果表明，在两两比较和频率论网络荟萃分析中，不同类型的口服维生素补充剂对动脉僵硬度均无统计学显著影响。然而，当口服维生素补充剂持续时间超过 12 周时，与安慰剂相比，维生素 D3 显示出动脉僵硬度的显著降低（ES：-0.15；95%CI：-0.30，-0.00；-60.0%m/s）和维生素 D2（ES：-0.25；95%CI：-0.48，-0.02，-52.0%m/s）。总之，我们的研究证实，口服维生素 D3 补充 12 周以上可能是一种有效降低动脉僵硬度的方法，可考虑作为改善心血管疾病高危患者血管健康的一种有用方法。
