Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Departamento de Metabolismo y Señalización Celular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Cells. 2022 Feb 24;11(5):790. doi: 10.3390/cells11050790.
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are a very diverse group of cell-derived vesicles released by almost all kind of living cells. EV are involved in intercellular exchange, both nearby and systemically, since they induce signals and transmit their cargo (proteins, lipids, miRNAs) to other cells, which subsequently trigger a wide variety of biological responses in the target cells. However, cell surface receptor-induced EV release is limited to cells from the immune system, including T lymphocytes. T cell receptor activation of T lymphocytes induces secretion of EV containing T cell receptors for antigen and several bioactive molecules, including proapoptotic proteins. These EV are specific for antigen-bearing cells, which make them ideal candidates for a cell-free, EV-dependent cancer therapy. In this review we examine the generation of EV by T lymphocytes and CAR-T cells and some potential therapeutic approaches of these EV.
细胞外囊泡 (EV) 是一类非常多样化的细胞来源囊泡，几乎所有类型的活细胞都能释放 EV。EV 通过诱导信号和将其货物（蛋白质、脂质、miRNAs）传递到其他细胞来参与细胞间的交流，这些信号和货物随后会在靶细胞中引发广泛的生物学反应。然而，细胞表面受体诱导的 EV 释放仅限于免疫系统的细胞，包括 T 淋巴细胞。T 细胞受体激活 T 淋巴细胞诱导 EV 的分泌，其中包含针对抗原和几种生物活性分子的 T 细胞受体，包括促凋亡蛋白。这些 EV 是针对携带抗原的细胞的，这使它们成为无细胞、EV 依赖的癌症治疗的理想候选物。在这篇综述中，我们研究了 T 淋巴细胞和嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞 (CAR-T 细胞) 产生 EV 的情况，以及这些 EV 的一些潜在治疗方法。
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