Department of Rural and Regional Development, College of Management, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Rd, Chengdu 130062, China.
Department of Agricultural Economics and Management, School of Business Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, 182 Nanhu Rd, Wuhan 430073, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 4;19(5):3023. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19053023.
At present, the dual pressure of rural labor outflow and population aging in China makes the problems of the rural elderly population increasingly prominent, and its health problem is particularly prominent. Based on the 2014 China elderly population health survey data (CLHLS), this paper finds that the physical health status of the rural elderly has a significant positive impact on their loneliness; that is, the rural elderly with poor health status are more likely to feel lonely. At the same time, the age of the elderly has a significant positive impact on their loneliness. On the contrary, gender, personality, family income and intergenerational support of the elderly have a negative impact on their loneliness. Chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes have no significant effect on the loneliness of the elderly in rural areas, but there is a "severe disease effect"; that is, when chronic diseases develop into serious diseases or acute serious diseases, it can negatively impact the elderly psychologically and produce or deepen their sense of loneliness. Based on the above conclusions, this paper further puts forward relevant policy suggestions from three aspects: constructing a disease prevention and control system for the rural elderly, improving the care and service system for the rural elderly, reshaping rural filial piety culture, and creating a good atmosphere of "respecting, loving and respecting parents" in rural areas.
目前，中国农村劳动力外流和人口老龄化的双重压力使得农村老年人口问题日益突出，其健康问题尤为突出。基于 2014 年中国老年人口健康调查数据（CLHLS），本文发现农村老年人的身体健康状况对其孤独感有显著的正向影响；也就是说，身体健康状况较差的农村老年人更容易感到孤独。同时，老年人的年龄对其孤独感有显著的正向影响。相反，老年人的性别、人格、家庭收入和代际支持对其孤独感有负向影响。高血压和糖尿病等慢性病对农村老年人的孤独感没有显著影响，但存在“重病效应”；也就是说，当慢性病发展成严重疾病或急性严重疾病时，会对老年人的心理产生负面影响，并产生或加深他们的孤独感。基于上述结论，本文从构建农村老年人疾病防控体系、完善农村老年人关爱服务体系、重塑农村孝道文化、营造农村“尊老、爱老、敬老”良好氛围三个方面进一步提出相关政策建议。
