Liu Yanxu, Fu Guoqi, Chai Yulin, Xue Cailing, Song Qi, Luo Sheng, Luo Li
School of Management, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China.
Medical Insurance Office of Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Mar 28;13:1543474. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1543474. eCollection 2025.
As the population ages, the health of rural older adults is of increasing concern to society. Pain, decreased activity of daily living, depression, and sleep are important factors affecting the quality of life of older adults. This study aimed to explore the complex relationship between pain, activity of daily living, depression, and sleep in rural older adults, with the goal of providing new perspectives and intervention strategies to improve sleep quality.
This study was based on the data from the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, and rural older adults aged 60 years and above were selected as the study subjects, with a final sample size of 5,352. Stata 18.0 and SPSS 27.0 software were used for statistical analysis, and -tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson correlation analyses were used for one-way analyses, and PROCESS 4.2 was used for mediation effect analysis and testing.
Pain in older adults was negatively correlated with sleep duration ( = -0.212) and positively correlated ( < 0.001) with impairment to activity of daily living ( = 0.339) and depression ( = 0.355). The mediation test reported that pain in older adults had a direct effect on sleep duration (95% CI: -0.076 to -0.043), with activity of daily living (95% CI: -0.014 to -0.004) and depression (95% CI: -0.026 to -0.017) acting as chained mediators between the two.
This study reveals the interrelationships between pain, activity of daily living, depression and sleep in rural older adults. It is recommended that medical resources be strengthened, health awareness be increased, community care services be improved, recreational activities be provided, and family emotional support be encouraged to improve the health and quality of life of older adults.
随着人口老龄化，农村老年人的健康状况日益受到社会关注。疼痛、日常生活活动能力下降、抑郁和睡眠是影响老年人生活质量的重要因素。本研究旨在探讨农村老年人疼痛、日常生活活动能力、抑郁和睡眠之间的复杂关系，以期为改善睡眠质量提供新的视角和干预策略。
本研究基于2020年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据，选取60岁及以上农村老年人作为研究对象，最终样本量为5352人。使用Stata 18.0和SPSS 27.0软件进行统计分析，采用t检验、方差分析（ANOVA）和Pearson相关分析进行单因素分析，使用PROCESS 4.2进行中介效应分析和检验。
老年人的疼痛与睡眠时间呈负相关（r = -0.212），与日常生活活动能力受损（r = 0.339）和抑郁（r = 0.355）呈正相关（P < 0.001）。中介检验表明，老年人的疼痛对睡眠时间有直接影响（95%CI：-0.076至-0.043），日常生活活动能力（95%CI：-0.014至-0.004）和抑郁（95%CI：-0.026至-0.017）在两者之间起链式中介作用。
本研究揭示了农村老年人疼痛、日常生活活动能力、抑郁和睡眠之间的相互关系。建议加强医疗资源、提高健康意识、改善社区护理服务、提供娱乐活动并鼓励家庭情感支持，以改善老年人的健康和生活质量。
