Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, UK.
Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, UK; English Institute of Sport, Performance Centre, Loughborough University, UK.
J Sci Med Sport. 2022 Jul;25(7):606-614. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.02.005. Epub 2022 Feb 17.
For individuals with a spinal cord injury, thermoregulatory challenges presented by the environment are amplified, increasing the risk of exertional heat illness. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to quantify the effects of pre- and per-cooling on core temperature (T), skin temperature (T) and thermal sensation in participants with spinal cord injury and assess the influence of lesion level on the effects of cooling.
Systematic review with meta-analysis.
Out of 2107 potential studies, 17 were identified via the inclusion criteria for a total of 145 research participants. A total of 12 studies were included in the primary analysis of T; 9 included in the analysis of T; and 9 included in the analysis of thermal perceptions. 15 experimental conditions were included in the secondary analysis of lesion level on the effects of cooling.
Cooling reduced T (Hedges' g = 0.44; 95% confidence intervals 0.16, 0.72; p < 0.001), T (Hedges' g = 1.11; 95% confidence intervals 0.56, 1.66; p < 0.002) and thermal sensation (Hedges' g = 0.60; 95% confidence intervals 0.27, 0.93; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed pre-cooling (Hedges' g = 0.92), reduced T to a greater extent than per-cooling (Hedges' g = 0.25; p = 0.020). The effect of lesion level on the effectiveness of cooling on T had a moderate, positive association (r = 0.518, p = 0.048).
Pre-cooling may reduce T to a greater extent than per-cooling during subsequent exercise. Pre- and per-cooling can attenuate the increase in thermal strain in athletes with a spinal cord injury. The beneficial effects of cooling are greater in tetraplegic individuals.
对于脊髓损伤患者，环境带来的体温调节挑战更为突出，增加了运动性热疾病的风险。因此，本系统回顾和荟萃分析旨在量化预冷却和持续冷却对脊髓损伤患者核心温度（T）、皮肤温度（T）和热感觉的影响，并评估损伤水平对冷却效果的影响。
系统回顾和荟萃分析。
在 2107 项潜在研究中，根据纳入标准确定了 17 项研究，共纳入 145 名研究参与者。共有 12 项研究纳入 T 的主要分析；9 项纳入 T 的分析；9 项纳入热知觉的分析。15 种实验条件纳入对冷却效果的损伤水平的二次分析。
冷却降低了 T（Hedges' g = 0.44；95%置信区间 0.16，0.72；p < 0.001）、T（Hedges' g = 1.11；95%置信区间 0.56，1.66；p < 0.002）和热感觉（Hedges' g = 0.60；95%置信区间 0.27，0.93；p < 0.001）。亚组分析显示，预冷却（Hedges' g = 0.92）比持续冷却（Hedges' g = 0.25；p = 0.020）更能降低 T。损伤水平对 T 冷却效果的影响呈中度正相关（r = 0.518，p = 0.048）。
预冷却在随后的运动中可能比持续冷却更能降低 T。预冷却和持续冷却可以减轻脊髓损伤运动员的热应激增加。冷却的有益效果在四肢瘫痪患者中更大。
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