澳大利亚在外就餐食品消费频率和购买地点：2018 年国际食品政策研究。
Consumption Frequency and Purchase Locations of Foods Prepared Outside the Home in Australia: 2018 International Food Policy Study.
机构信息
School of Health and Social Development, Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
出版信息
J Nutr. 2022 Jun 13;152(Suppl 1):76S-84S. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxab437.
BACKGROUND
Foods prepared outside the home (e.g., fast-food chains, restaurants) represent increasing proportions of diets worldwide, and have been associated with higher energy intakes and BMIs. To improve the healthiness of population diets, it is important to understand patterns of consumption of these foods, and whether related policy measures are effective.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to identify the frequency and sources of consumption of foods prepared outside the home in Australia, and to understand the impact of nutrition information in restaurants on related food choices.
METHODS
Data were from a web-based survey (the International Food Policy Study) completed in 2018 by Australian adults aged ≥18 years (n = 4103). The number of meals prepared outside the home, their purchase locations, and the extent to which nutrition information was noticed and influenced purchasing decisions were each analyzed by sociodemographic characteristics and BMI, with linear models also adjusted for sex, age group, education, ethnicity, and BMI.
RESULTS
An average of 2.73 (95% CI, 2.61-2.86) meals per week were prepared outside the home, with higher frequencies among men, younger ages, and more highly educated participants. A wide variety of sources for these foods was observed, with fast-food outlets being most common. Around one-quarter of all foods prepared outside the home were delivered. A small percentage (14.9%; 95% CI, 13.3%-16.7%) of participants reported noticing nutrition information, but among those who did, around half reported that it influenced their behavior.
CONCLUSIONS
Foods prepared outside the home are commonly purchased in Australia, particularly by young adults, from a variety of outlet types. While current menu energy labeling regulations may provide some population health benefit, a broader policy focus on foods prepared outside the home is needed as part of efforts to improve population diets.
背景
在家庭以外准备的食物（例如，快餐连锁店、餐馆）在全球范围内代表了越来越大的饮食比例，并且与更高的能量摄入和 BMI 有关。为了改善人群饮食的健康状况，了解这些食物的消费模式以及相关政策措施是否有效非常重要。
目的
本研究旨在确定澳大利亚人在家外准备的食物的消费频率和来源，并了解餐馆的营养信息对相关食物选择的影响。
方法
数据来自 2018 年一项基于网络的调查（国际食品政策研究），参与者为年龄≥18 岁的澳大利亚成年人（n=4103）。分析了在家外准备的餐数、购买地点以及注意到营养信息和影响购买决策的程度，按社会人口特征和 BMI 进行分析，线性模型还按性别、年龄组、教育程度、种族和 BMI 进行调整。
结果
平均每周有 2.73 餐（95%CI，2.61-2.86）在家外准备，男性、年龄较小和受教育程度较高的参与者频率更高。这些食物的来源多种多样，快餐店最为常见。大约四分之一的在家外准备的食物是外卖。只有一小部分（14.9%；95%CI，13.3%-16.7%）的参与者报告注意到营养信息，但其中约有一半人表示这影响了他们的行为。
结论
在澳大利亚，人们经常购买在家外准备的食物，尤其是年轻成年人，来源多种多样。虽然当前的菜单能量标签法规可能会带来一些人群健康益处，但需要更广泛的政策重点关注在家外准备的食物，作为改善人群饮食的努力的一部分。
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