Stroffolini Giacomo, Rossi Luca, Lupia Tommaso, Faraoni Silvia, Paltrinieri Giovanna, Lipani Filippo, Calcagno Andrea, Bonora Stefano, Di Perri Giovanni, Calleri Guido
Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious Diseases Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Travel Med Infect Dis. 2022 May-Jun;47:102308. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102308. Epub 2022 Mar 9.
Trichinellosis, a foodborne zoonosis due to nematodes of the genus Trichinella, occurs in the form of outbreaks following meat consumption. North Italy has been rarely involved. We report here the most significant wildlife derived trichinellosis outbreak ever registered in the Piedmont region.
We retrospectively included 96 outpatients referred to our institution (December 20th, 2019-January 15th, 2020) 2020 after consuming raw sausages prepared from a single wild boar hunted in the Susa Valley, 59 km away from Torino, in November 2019.
We confirmed 35 cases and found additional 10 probable/suspected cases. Our cohort found that 47% of patients were symptomatic, with a median time from symptoms to presentation at clinic and serology testing of 14 days. Peripheral blood eosinophilia >500/μl and CK alterations were common. Further qualitative and quantitative analysis at the International Trichinella Reference Center c/o ISS, Rome identified T. britovi as the causative agent.
No autochthonous human case has ever been detected in Torino province, and a single wild boar has tested positive for Trichinella since active surveillance was implemented in 2013. This outbreak should raise attention on the preventive role of veterinary surveillance and the need to optimize sampling procedures and targeted health education.
旋毛虫病是一种由旋毛虫属线虫引起的食源性人畜共患病，以食用肉类后爆发的形式出现。意大利北部很少涉及。我们在此报告皮埃蒙特地区有记录以来最严重的野生动物源性旋毛虫病疫情。
我们回顾性纳入了2019年11月在距离都灵59公里的苏萨山谷捕获的一头野猪制成的生香肠后，于2019年12月20日至2020年1月15日转诊至我们机构的96名门诊患者。
我们确诊了35例病例，并发现另外10例可能/疑似病例。我们的队列研究发现，47%的患者有症状，从症状出现到就诊和血清学检测的中位时间为14天。外周血嗜酸性粒细胞增多>500/μl和肌酸激酶改变很常见。罗马国际旋毛虫参考中心（位于罗马国家卫生研究所）进行的进一步定性和定量分析确定布氏旋毛虫为病原体。
自2013年实施主动监测以来，都灵省从未检测到本地人类病例，且仅有一头野猪旋毛虫检测呈阳性。此次疫情应引起对兽医监测预防作用的关注，以及优化采样程序和针对性健康教育的必要性。
