Dahlquist L M, Gil K M, Armstrong F D, DeLawyer D D, Greene P, Wuori D
Health Psychol. 1986;5(3):249-59. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.5.3.249.
The relationship between past medical experience and children's response to preparation for medical examinations was investigated in 79 pediatric outpatients aged 3 to 12 years. Children were randomly assigned to one of five preparation conditions prior to receiving a medical examination and a throat culture: sensory information about the exam, training in coping skills (deep breathing and positive self-talk), combined sensory information and coping skills training, attention control, and no-treatment control. The results indicated that children with previous negative medical experiences demonstrated more behavioral distress during a throat culture examination that did children with previous positive or neutral medical experiences. In addition, the attention control condition appeared to increase the distress of children with previous negative medical experiences. Amount of past exposure to the specific medical procedure was not related to observed distress. The implications of these findings for the preparation of children for medical procedures are discussed.
在79名3至12岁的儿科门诊患者中，研究了既往就医经历与儿童对体检准备的反应之间的关系。在接受体检和咽喉培养之前，将儿童随机分配到五种准备条件之一：关于检查的感官信息、应对技能培训（深呼吸和积极的自我对话）、感官信息与应对技能培训相结合、注意力控制以及无治疗对照。结果表明，与既往有积极或中性就医经历的儿童相比，既往有负面就医经历的儿童在咽喉培养检查期间表现出更多的行为困扰。此外，注意力控制条件似乎增加了既往有负面就医经历的儿童的困扰。既往接触特定医疗程序的次数与观察到的困扰无关。讨论了这些发现对儿童医疗程序准备工作的意义。
