Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, No. 308, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266021, China.
Nutrients. 2022 Jan 28;14(3):578. doi: 10.3390/nu14030578.
Previous studies showed lutein and zeaxanthin (L and Z) may influence cognitive function by different mechanisms. Our study aimed to be the first to examine whether the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) mediated the possible association between the dietary intake of L and Z and cognitive function.
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of participants aged 60 years or over in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. Multivariable linear regression was used to investigate the association between the dietary intake of L and Z and cognitive function, and structural equation modeling tested the mediation effect.
The fatty liver index for the United States population (US FLI) acted as a mediator in the association between the higher intake of L and Z and the Animal Fluency Test, the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), and composite score and mediated 13.89%, 17.87%, and 13.79% of the total association in dietary L and Z intake (14.29%, 13.68%, and 10.34% of the total association in total L and Z intake), respectively.
Our study indicated the potential role of the risk of NAFLD as a mediator of associations between the dietary intake of L and Z and cognitive function in the geriatric American population.
先前的研究表明，叶黄素和玉米黄质（L 和 Z）可能通过不同的机制影响认知功能。我们的研究旨在首次检验非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）的风险是否介导了 L 和 Z 的饮食摄入与认知功能之间的可能关联。
我们对 2011-2014 年国家健康和营养调查（NHANES）中年龄在 60 岁或以上的参与者进行了横断面分析。多变量线性回归用于研究 L 和 Z 的饮食摄入与认知功能之间的关联，结构方程模型测试了中介效应。
美国人群的脂肪肝指数（US FLI）作为 L 和 Z 摄入量较高与动物流畅性测试、数字符号替代测试（DSST）和综合评分之间关联的中介因素，分别介导了 L 和 Z 饮食摄入总关联的 13.89%、17.87%和 13.79%（总 L 和 Z 摄入的总关联的 14.29%、13.68%和 10.34%）。
我们的研究表明，NAFLD 的风险可能作为 L 和 Z 的饮食摄入与老年美国人群认知功能之间关联的中介因素发挥作用。
