Lee Yoojin, Hu Siqi, Park Young-Ki, Lee Ji-Young
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
Prev Nutr Food Sci. 2019 Jun;24(2):103-113. doi: 10.3746/pnf.2019.24.2.103. Epub 2019 Jun 30.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases with a prevalence of ~25% worldwide. NAFLD includes simple hepatic steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, which can further progress to hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, effective strategies for the prevention of NAFLD are needed. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is complicated due to diverse injury insults, such as fat accumulation, oxidative stress, inflammation, lipotoxicity, and apoptosis, which may act synergistically. Studies have shown that carotenoids, a natural group of isoprenoid pigments, prevent the development of NAFLD by exerting antioxidant, lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and insulin-sensitizing properties. This review summarizes the protective action of carotenoids, with primary focuses on astaxanthin, lycopene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, fucoxanthin, and crocetin, against the development and progression of NAFLD.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是最常见的慢性肝病之一，在全球的患病率约为25%。NAFLD包括单纯性肝脂肪变性、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、纤维化和肝硬化，后者可进一步发展为肝细胞癌。因此，需要有效的NAFLD预防策略。由于多种损伤因素，如脂肪堆积、氧化应激、炎症、脂毒性和细胞凋亡，它们可能协同作用，NAFLD的发病机制较为复杂。研究表明，类胡萝卜素是一类天然的类异戊二烯色素，通过发挥抗氧化、降脂、抗炎、抗纤维化和胰岛素增敏特性来预防NAFLD的发生。本综述总结了类胡萝卜素，主要关注虾青素、番茄红素、β-胡萝卜素、β-隐黄质、叶黄素、岩藻黄质和藏红花素，对NAFLD发生发展的保护作用。
