Gu Feng, Gong Anmin, Qu Yi, Bao Aiyong, Wu Jin, Jiang Changhao, Fu Yunfa
School of Information Engineering, Engineering University of People's Armed Police, Xi'an, China.
School of Military Basic Education, Engineering University of People's Armed Police, Xi'an, China.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2022 Feb 25;16:759330. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.759330. eCollection 2022.
It is not only difficult to be a sports expert but also difficult to grow from a sports expert to a sports elite. Professional athletes are often concerned about the differences between an expert and an elite and how to eventually become an elite athlete. To explore the differences in brain neural mechanism between experts and elites in the process of motor behavior and reveal the internal connection between motor performance and brain activity, we collected and analyzed the electroencephalography (EEG) findings of 14 national archers and 14 provincial archers during aiming and resting states and constructed the EEG brain network of the two archer groups based on weighted phase lag index; the graph theory was used to analyze and compare the network characteristics local network and global network topologies. The results showed that compared with the expert archers, the elite archers had stronger functional coupling in beta1 and beta2 bands, and the difference was evident in the frontal and central regions; in terms of global characteristics of brain network topology, the average clustering coefficient and global efficiency of elite archers were significantly higher than that of expert archers, and the eigenvector centrality of expert archers was higher; for local characteristics, elite archers had higher local efficient; and the brain network characteristics of expert archers showed a strong correlation with archery performance. This suggests that compared with expert archers, elite archers showed stronger functional coupling, higher integration efficiency of global and local information, and more independent performance in the archery process. These findings reveal the differences in brain electrical network topologies between elite and expert archers in the archery preparation stage, which is expected to provide theoretical reference for further training and promotion of professional athletes.
成为一名体育专家并非易事，从体育专家成长为体育精英更是困难重重。职业运动员常常关注专家与精英之间的差异以及如何最终成为一名精英运动员。为了探究运动行为过程中专家与精英在脑神经网络机制上的差异，并揭示运动表现与大脑活动之间的内在联系，我们收集并分析了14名国家射箭运动员和14名省级射箭运动员在瞄准和休息状态下的脑电图（EEG）结果，并基于加权相位滞后指数构建了两组射箭运动员的EEG脑网络；运用图论分析和比较了网络特征——局部网络和全局网络拓扑结构。结果表明，与专家级射箭运动员相比，精英级射箭运动员在β1和β2频段具有更强的功能耦合，且在额叶和中央区域差异明显；在脑网络拓扑的全局特征方面，精英级射箭运动员的平均聚类系数和全局效率显著高于专家级射箭运动员，而专家级射箭运动员的特征向量中心性更高；在局部特征方面，精英级射箭运动员具有更高的局部效率；并且专家级射箭运动员的脑网络特征与射箭表现呈现出很强的相关性。这表明，与专家级射箭运动员相比，精英级射箭运动员在射箭过程中表现出更强的功能耦合、更高的全局和局部信息整合效率以及更独立的表现。这些发现揭示了精英级和专家级射箭运动员在射箭准备阶段脑电网络拓扑结构的差异，有望为职业运动员的进一步训练和提升提供理论参考。
