Gu Feng, Gong Anmin, Qu Yi, Xiao Hui, Wu Jin, Nan Wenya, Jiang Changhao, Fu Yunfa
School of Information Engineering, Engineering University of People's Armed Police, Xi'an 710086, China.
School of Military Basic Education, Engineering University of People's Armed Police, Xi'an 710086, China.
Brain Sci. 2022 Jul 31;12(8):1017. doi: 10.3390/brainsci12081017.
The electroencephalograph (EEG) microstate is a method used to describe the characteristics of the EEG signal through the brain scalp electrode potential's spatial distribution; as such, it reflects the changes in the brain's functional state. The EEGs of 13 elite archers from China's national archery team and 13 expert archers from China's provincial archery team were recorded under the alpha rhythm during the resting state (with closed eyes) and during archery aiming. By analyzing the differences between the EEG microstate parameters and the correlation between these parameters with archery performance, as well as by combining our findings through standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography source analysis (sLORETA), we explored the changes in the neural activity of professional archers of different levels, under different states. The results of the resting state study demonstrated that the duration, occurrence, and coverage in microstate D of elite archers were significantly higher than those of expert archers and that their other microstates had the greatest probability of transferring to microstate D. During the archery aiming state, the average transition probability of the other microstates transferring to microstate in the left temporal region was the highest observed in the two groups of archers. Moreover, there was a significant negative correlation between the duration and coverage of microstates in the frontal region of elite archers and their archery performance. Our findings indicate that elite archers are more active in the dorsal attention system and demonstrate a higher neural efficiency during the resting state. When aiming, professional archers experience an activation of brain regions associated with archery by suppressing brain regions unrelated to archery tasks. These findings provide a novel theoretical basis for the study of EEG microstate dynamics in archery and related cognitive motor tasks, particularly from the perspective of the subject's mental state.
脑电图微状态是一种通过头皮电极电位的空间分布来描述脑电图信号特征的方法；因此，它反映了大脑功能状态的变化。记录了中国国家射箭队的13名优秀射手和中国省级射箭队的13名专业射手在静息状态（闭眼）和射箭瞄准过程中的α节律脑电图。通过分析脑电图微状态参数之间的差异以及这些参数与射箭成绩之间的相关性，并结合标准化低分辨率脑电磁断层扫描源分析（sLORETA）的结果，我们探究了不同水平的专业射手在不同状态下神经活动的变化。静息状态研究结果表明，优秀射手在微状态D中的持续时间、出现率和覆盖率显著高于专业射手，且他们的其他微状态转移到微状态D的概率最大。在射箭瞄准状态下，两组射手在左颞区其他微状态转移到该微状态的平均转移概率最高。此外，优秀射手额叶区域微状态的持续时间和覆盖率与他们的射箭成绩之间存在显著负相关。我们的研究结果表明，优秀射手在静息状态下背侧注意系统更活跃，神经效率更高。瞄准过程中，专业射手通过抑制与射箭任务无关的脑区来激活与射箭相关的脑区。这些发现为射箭及相关认知运动任务中脑电图微状态动力学的研究提供了新的理论基础，特别是从受试者心理状态的角度。
