Byrkjedal Per Thomas, Luteberget Live Steinnes, Bjørnsen Thomas, Ivarsson Andreas, Spencer Matt
Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
Front Sports Act Living. 2022 Feb 17;4:822127. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2022.822127. eCollection 2022.
A limited number of studies have explored the external load experienced in indoor sports such as ice hockey, and few the link between training and match performance. As a paucity exists within this topic, this study explored whether a simulated match design (i.e., scrimmage) could be representative of official match demands and elicit similar external loads as in official matches in a group of elite youth male ice hockey players.
A total of 26 players were monitored during eight official and four simulation matches using a Local Positioning System. Total distance, max velocity, slow (0-10.9 km/h), moderate (11-16.9 km/h), high (17.0-23.9 km/h), and sprint (>24 km/h) speed skating distance, distance per min, PlayerLoad, PlayerLoad per min, high-intensity events (HIEs) (>2.5 m/s), acceleration (ACCs), decelerations (DECs), and change of directions (CODs) were extracted from the tracking devices. A two-level regression analysis was conducted to compare the difference between match types when controlling for time on ice, match day, and position.
Between match-type results showed a credible difference in all variables except max velocity and ACCs. Distance per min was 27.3% higher during simulation matches and was explained by a 21.3, 24.1, and 14.8% higher distance in sprint-, high-, and moderate speed skating distance, while slow speed-skating distance was 49.2% lower and total distance only trivially different from official to simulation matches. Total PlayerLoad was 11.2% lower, while PlayerLoad per min was 8.5% higher during simulation matches. HIEs, CODs, and DECs were 10.0, 11.9, and 22.3% higher during simulation matches.
The simulated match design is related to official match demands with comparable match-time, playing time, number of shifts, and shift duration. However, simulation matches provoked a higher external load output compared with official matches, possibly explained by a more continuous movement design. A game-based simulation match design can therefore be utilized when match-related actions at high intensity are warranted.
仅有少数研究探讨了冰球等室内运动中的外部负荷，且很少涉及训练与比赛表现之间的联系。鉴于该主题研究较少，本研究探讨了模拟比赛设计（即内部对抗赛）是否能代表正式比赛的要求，并在一组精英青年男子冰球运动员中引发与正式比赛相似的外部负荷。
使用局部定位系统对26名运动员在8场正式比赛和4场模拟比赛期间进行监测。从跟踪设备中提取总距离、最大速度、慢速（0 - 10.9公里/小时）、中速（11 - 16.9公里/小时）、高速（17.0 - 23.9公里/小时）和冲刺（>24公里/小时）速度滑冰距离、每分钟距离、运动员负荷、每分钟运动员负荷、高强度事件（>2.5米/秒）、加速度（ACC）、减速度（DEC）和方向变化（COD）。进行两级回归分析，以比较在控制冰上时间、比赛日和位置时比赛类型之间的差异。
比赛类型之间的结果显示，除最大速度和ACC外，所有变量均存在显著差异。模拟比赛期间每分钟距离高出27.3%，这可以通过冲刺、高速和中速速度滑冰距离分别高出21.3%、24.1%和14.8%来解释，而慢速速度滑冰距离低49.2%，正式比赛与模拟比赛之间的总距离仅有微小差异。模拟比赛期间总运动员负荷低11.2%，而每分钟运动员负荷高8.5%。模拟比赛期间高强度事件、COD和DEC分别高出10.0%、11.9%和22.3%。
模拟比赛设计在比赛时间、上场时间、换班次数和换班时长方面与正式比赛要求相关。然而，与正式比赛相比，模拟比赛引发了更高的外部负荷输出，这可能是由更连续的运动设计所解释的。因此，当需要进行高强度的与比赛相关的动作时，可以采用基于比赛的模拟比赛设计。
