Gamble Alexander S D, Bigg Jessica L, Nyman Danielle L E, Spriet Lawrence L
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Human Performance and Health Research Laboratory, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Front Physiol. 2022 Feb 25;13:831723. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.831723. eCollection 2022.
The purposes of this study were to quantify the external load for female and male varsity ice hockey players during regular season games using a local positioning system (LPS), compare LPS-derived external load between sexes and positions, and compare skating distances in absolute and relative speed zones.
Data were collected for 21 female (7 defense, 14 forwards; 20.0 ± 1.4 yrs., 69.1 ± 6.7 kg, 167.1 ± 5.4 cm) and 25 male (8 defense, 17 forwards; 21.9 ± 1.1 yrs., 85.9 ± 5.4 kg, 181.1 ± 5.2 cm) varsity ice hockey players. Measures included skating distance (total, and in absolute and relative speed zones), peak skating speed, peak acceleration and deceleration, accumulative acceleration load, and number of accelerations, decelerations, turns, skating transitions, direction changes, and impacts.
Female and male players had a high external load during games, with average peak skating speeds >28 km/h and average skating distances >4.4 km. Most LPS-derived measures showed greater external load in males than females ( < 0.05). Forwards skated further at higher speeds compared to defense in both sexes ( < 0.001). Skating distances were significantly different when comparing absolute and relative speed zones ( < 0.001), with absolute speed zones potentially overestimating skating at very slow, very fast, and sprint speeds and underestimating skating at slow and moderate speeds.
This was the first study to measure external load in female ice hockey players with a LPS. Both female and male varsity players had high external loads during games, with forwards having greater external load at higher intensities and defense having greater external load at lower intensities. Sex and positional differences outline the importance of individualized athlete monitoring.
本研究的目的是使用局部定位系统（LPS）量化男女大学冰球运动员在常规赛比赛期间的外部负荷，比较性别和位置之间基于LPS得出的外部负荷，并比较绝对和相对速度区域内的滑行距离。
收集了21名女性（7名后卫，14名前锋；20.0±1.4岁，69.1±6.7千克，167.1±5.4厘米）和25名男性（8名后卫，17名前锋；21.9±1.1岁，85.9±5.4千克，181.1±5.2厘米）大学冰球运动员的数据。测量指标包括滑行距离（总计，以及在绝对和相对速度区域内）、最高滑行速度、最高加速度和减速度、累积加速度负荷，以及加速度、减速度、转弯、滑行转换、方向变化和碰撞的次数。
男女运动员在比赛期间的外部负荷都很高，平均最高滑行速度>28千米/小时，平均滑行距离>4.4千米。大多数基于LPS得出的测量指标显示男性的外部负荷大于女性（P<0.05）。在男女两组中，前锋比后卫以更高的速度滑行得更远（P<0.001）。比较绝对和相对速度区域时，滑行距离有显著差异（P<0.001），绝对速度区域可能高估了非常慢、非常快和冲刺速度下的滑行，而低估了慢速和中速下的滑行。
这是第一项使用LPS测量女子冰球运动员外部负荷的研究。男女大学运动员在比赛期间的外部负荷都很高，前锋在高强度下的外部负荷更大，后卫在低强度下的外部负荷更大。性别和位置差异凸显了个性化运动员监测的重要性。
