Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Front Immunol. 2022 Feb 25;13:811696. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.811696. eCollection 2022.
Kidney transplantation is a life-saving strategy for patients with end-stage renal diseases. Despite the advances in surgical techniques and immunosuppressive agents, the long-term graft survival remains a challenge. Growing evidence has shown that the complement system, part of the innate immune response, is involved in kidney transplantation. Novel insights highlighted the role of the locally produced and intracellular complement components in the development of inflammation and the alloreactive response in the kidney allograft. In the current review, we provide the updated understanding of the complement system in kidney transplantation. We will discuss the involvement of the different complement components in kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury, delayed graft function, allograft rejection, and chronic allograft injury. We will also introduce the existing and upcoming attempts to improve allograft outcomes in animal models and in the clinical setting by targeting the complement system.
肾移植是治疗终末期肾病患者的一种救生策略。尽管手术技术和免疫抑制剂有了进步，但长期移植物存活率仍然是一个挑战。越来越多的证据表明，补体系统是先天免疫反应的一部分，参与了肾移植。新的研究结果强调了局部产生和细胞内补体成分在肾移植中炎症和同种反应中的作用。在目前的综述中，我们提供了对补体系统在肾移植中作用的最新认识。我们将讨论不同补体成分在肾缺血再灌注损伤、移植物功能延迟、同种异体排斥和慢性移植物损伤中的作用。我们还将介绍通过针对补体系统在动物模型和临床环境中改善移植物预后的现有和未来尝试。
