Muralidhar Nitin V, Ranjan Abhishek, Jayashankar Rao J S, Sreeshyla H S, Nitin Priyanka
Department of Orthodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS AHER, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
Asst. Anthropologist Survey of India, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2021 Sep-Dec;25(3):537-542. doi: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_68_21. Epub 2022 Jan 11.
It becomes extremely challenging for forensic artists to reconstruct the highly decomposed faces, especially during mass disasters. It would be of great help for the identifying team of experts if there was a method to determine the facial and cephalic dimensions. This study aims to provide a method to generate a simplified method to calculate the facial and cephalic indices of an individual based on the dentition since human dentition remains almost intact in most scenarios.
The sample consisted of 200 participants with the age range of 18-23 years belonging to Kerala. The cephalic and facial indices were measured using a caliper. The interincisal, intercanine, interpremolar and intermolar widths of maxillary dentition were measured on study models using a digital vernier caliper. The mean cranial and facial index were calculated and were correlated with interdental measurements.
It was concluded that dominant head types in Kerala males were dolichocephalic (50.2%) followed by mesocephalic (29.8%). In females, the dominant head types were dolichocephalic (42.7%) followed by mesocephalic (42.2%). In the facial types, majority of individuals were found to be leptoprosopic. A good correlation was found between the intercanine width with facial width and cranial width and a simplified formula were derived to estimate the cranial and facial index for this population.
The results of the study suggest that the facial index and cranial index of a particular population can be evaluated from interdental measurements of the maxillary cast, especially the intercanine width.
对于法医艺术家来说，重建高度腐烂的面部极具挑战性，尤其是在大规模灾难期间。如果有一种方法可以确定面部和头部尺寸，这将对专家鉴定团队有很大帮助。本研究旨在提供一种基于牙列生成简化方法来计算个体面部和头部指数的方法，因为在大多数情况下人类牙列几乎保持完整。
样本由200名年龄在18 - 23岁之间、来自喀拉拉邦的参与者组成。使用卡尺测量头部和面部指数。在研究模型上使用数字游标卡尺测量上颌牙列的切牙间、尖牙间、前磨牙间和磨牙间宽度。计算平均颅骨和面部指数，并将其与牙间测量值进行关联。
得出结论，喀拉拉邦男性中占主导地位的头型是长头型（50.2%），其次是中头型（29.8%）。在女性中，占主导地位的头型是长头型（42.7%），其次是中头型（42.2%）。在面部类型方面，发现大多数个体为窄面型。发现尖牙间宽度与面部宽度和颅骨宽度之间存在良好的相关性，并推导了一个简化公式来估计该人群的颅骨和面部指数。
研究结果表明，可以通过上颌模型的牙间测量值，特别是尖牙间宽度，来评估特定人群的面部指数和颅骨指数。
