Hunduma Gari, Deyessa Negussie, Dessie Yadeta, Geda Biftu, Yadeta Tesfaye Assebe
School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2022 Mar 4;15:503-516. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S347261. eCollection 2022.
The importance of social capital for adolescent mental health has not been explored in low resource settings like Ethiopia. In this study, we examined the association between social capital and mental health problems among in-school adolescents in Harari Regional State, eastern Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3227 in-school adolescents of 13-19 years. A multistage sampling was used to select participants. Guided self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Mental health problem was measured using a self-administered version of the strength and difficulty questionnaire (SDQ), while social capital questionnaire for adolescent students (SCQ-AS) was used to collect data about the condition of social capital. The data were double entered, validated, and cleaned using EpiData 3.1 and analyzed using STATA 14.1. The association between the outcome variable and predictors was analyzed using an ordinal logistic regression model. The result was reported using an odds ratio along with 95% confidence interval (CI) and a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant association.
A total of 740 (22.93%) students had mental health problem, of which 9.7% (95% CI, 8.7-10.8) and 13.20% (95% CI, 12-14) were classified as "abnormal" and "borderline", respectively. Factors associated with decreased mental health problem were increased network of friends at school (AOR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.58-0.99), increased trust in school or neighborhood (AOR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.44-0.63), and high social cohesion in the community (AOR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62-0.89).
Higher social capital is associated with a decreased mental health problem among in-school adolescents. Prevention and treatment of mental health problems require strengthening social capital at school, household, and in the neighborhood.
在埃塞俄比亚这样资源匮乏的地区，尚未对社会资本对青少年心理健康的重要性进行探讨。在本研究中，我们调查了埃塞俄比亚东部哈勒尔地区在校青少年中社会资本与心理健康问题之间的关联。
对3227名13 - 19岁的在校青少年进行了一项横断面研究。采用多阶段抽样方法选取参与者。使用指导下的自填式问卷收集数据。心理健康问题采用自填式的长处与困难问卷（SDQ）进行测量，而青少年学生社会资本问卷（SCQ - AS）用于收集有关社会资本状况的数据。数据使用EpiData 3.1进行双录入、验证和清理，并使用STATA 14.1进行分析。使用有序逻辑回归模型分析结果变量与预测因素之间的关联。结果以比值比以及95%置信区间（CI）报告，p值<0.05被认为具有统计学显著关联。
共有740名（22.93%）学生存在心理健康问题，其中9.7%（95% CI，8.7 - 10.8）和13.20%（95% CI，12 - 14）分别被归类为“异常”和“临界”。与心理健康问题减少相关的因素包括学校朋友网络增加（比值比 = 0.75，95% CI：0.58 - 0.99）、对学校或邻里信任增加（比值比 = 0.52，95% CI：0.44 - 0.63）以及社区社会凝聚力高（比值比 = 0.75，95% CI：0.62 - 0.89）。
较高的社会资本与在校青少年心理健康问题的减少相关。心理健康问题的预防和治疗需要加强学校、家庭和邻里的社会资本。
