Department of Sociology, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK.
Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels alle 23, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 May 14;17(10):3420. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103420.
Examining the mechanisms influencing mental health and life satisfaction simultaneously allows for a better understanding of adolescents psychological well-being. Six indicators of neighbourhood social capital (NSC), neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation (SecD) and their association with psychological well-being among young adolescents aged 10-15 from England and Wales were investigated. Using a random sample of 5201 adolescents (7253 observations) from the UK Household Longitudinal Study merged to aggregated local area census measures, we fitted a series of multilevel models. The findings showed that not being worried about crime and friendship networks mitigated the negative effects of deprivation on adolescent's psychological well-being. These findings suggest that some forms of NSC may have a buffering and protective function, with the strongest effects in deprived neighbourhoods. We further found that psychological well-being of adolescents is dependent on both individual vulnerabilities and neighbourhood context. However caution is required if, and when public health policies are formulated to address this issue, given significant variations (27-36%) in the inter- and intra-individual psychological well-being were found among this group over time. Thus, policies designed to improve psychological well-being among adolescents should take into account the role of social processes in transmitting deprivation's effects, as well as the various forms of social capital.
同时考察影响心理健康和生活满意度的机制，可以更好地理解青少年的心理幸福感。本研究调查了英格兰和威尔士的 10-15 岁青少年的六个邻里社会资本 (NSC) 指标、邻里社会经济剥夺 (SecD) 及其与心理健康的关系。利用英国家庭纵向研究的随机样本（5201 名青少年，7253 个观测值）与聚合的地方普查指标相合并，我们拟合了一系列多层次模型。研究结果表明，不担心犯罪和友谊网络减轻了剥夺对青少年心理健康的负面影响。这些发现表明，某些形式的 NSC 可能具有缓冲和保护功能，在贫困社区的效果最强。我们还发现，青少年的心理健康既取决于个体脆弱性，也取决于邻里环境。然而，如果制定公共卫生政策来解决这个问题，需要谨慎，因为该群体在不同时间的个体间和个体内的心理健康差异较大（27-36%）。因此，旨在提高青少年心理健康的政策应考虑社会过程在传递剥夺影响方面的作用，以及各种形式的社会资本。
