Arefi Zohreh, Sadeghi Roya, Shojaeizadeh Davoud, Yaseri Mehdi, Shahbazi Sighaldeh Shirin
Department of Health Promotion and Education, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022 Dec;35(25):9724-9729. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2022.2050901. Epub 2022 Mar 13.
One of the key issues for women's health is pregnancy. Healthy nutrition during pregnancy is a reliable guarantee for proper pregnancy and childbirth. This study sought to determine the impact of an educational intervention based on social cognitive theory on the nutritional behavior of pregnant women in Iran.
This randomized controlled trial study was carried out in women of reproductive age in Iran, from February to April 2020. The samples were divided into experimental ( = 150) and control ( = 150) groups. The questionnaire included demographic questions, questions related to the structures of social cognitive theory and nutritional behavior questionnaire. The data were analyzed through the SPSS20 and AMOS23 software.
The mean age of the women was 28.11 ± 6.54 and 28.83 ± 6.62 years in the intervention and control groups, respectively. The results of the Structural Equation Model showed that direct effect of self-efficacy, self-regulation, and mutual determinants on behavior were significant. After the educational intervention, nutritional behavior in the experimental group was increased significantly. Also, there was a significant difference between two groups in structures such as outcome expectations, outcome value, self-efficacy and knowledge. But there was no significant increase in the self-regulation and social support after educational intervention.
Social cognitive theory as a theoretical framework is able to predict healthy eating behavior during pregnancy. Also educational intervention based on the structures of social cognitive theory, improved the behavior of pregnant mothers. Educational intervention based on social cognitive theory and providing simple and understandable training packages for pregnant women is recommended.
怀孕是女性健康的关键问题之一。孕期的健康营养是顺利怀孕和分娩的可靠保证。本研究旨在确定基于社会认知理论的教育干预对伊朗孕妇营养行为的影响。
本随机对照试验于2020年2月至4月在伊朗育龄妇女中进行。样本分为实验组（n = 150）和对照组（n = 150）。问卷包括人口统计学问题、与社会认知理论结构相关的问题以及营养行为问卷。数据通过SPSS20和AMOS23软件进行分析。
干预组和对照组女性的平均年龄分别为28.11±6.54岁和28.83±6.62岁。结构方程模型的结果表明，自我效能、自我调节和相互决定因素对行为的直接影响显著。教育干预后，实验组的营养行为显著增加。此外，在结果期望、结果价值、自我效能和知识等结构方面，两组之间存在显著差异。但教育干预后自我调节和社会支持没有显著增加。
社会认知理论作为一个理论框架能够预测孕期的健康饮食行为。基于社会认知理论结构的教育干预改善了孕妇的行为。建议基于社会认知理论进行教育干预，并为孕妇提供简单易懂的培训包。
