Gerrano Abe Shegro, Moalafi Abueng, Seepe Hlabana A, Amoo Stephen, Shimelis Hussein
Agricultural Research Council - Vegetables, Industrial and Medicinal Plants, Private Bag X293, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa.
Heliyon. 2022 Mar 8;8(3):e09078. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09078. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Malnutrition remains one of the major human health issues affecting millions of people in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Hence, the objective of this study was to quantify the nutritional and phytochemical compositions of immature pods of pigeonpea genotypes to select promising lines with unique nutritional quality for production and cultivar development. Seven preliminarily tested and identified pigeonpea genotypes were grown under field conditions using a randomized complete block design with three replicates to quantify the nutritional and phytochemical contents in the immature pods. Significant ( ≤ 0.01) genotype effect was detected for the assessed nutritional and phytochemical compositions. Relatively higher contents of iron (15.53 mg/100g), zinc (1.59 mg/100g), magnesium (114.60 mg/100g) and total flavonoid (8.47 mg CE/g) were present in genotype Ilonga_14m1 ICEAP-0054. Higher compositions of beta-carotene (2.84 mg/100g), total phenolics (20.42 mg GAE/g), and vitamin-C (95.84 mg/100g) were detected in genotypes, Mali ICEAP-00046, PigeonP-3018 and Kiboko ICEAP-00932, respectively. Cluster analysis allocated the tested genotypes into three main groups. Significant ( ≤ 0.05) positive correlations were recorded among the assessed nutritional and phytochemical compositions that will allow direct and indirect selection of the evaluated genotypes for nutritional and phytochemical quality improvement. The principal component analysis resolved four components that cumulatively explained 76.85% of the total genetic variation in nutritional and phytochemical compositions among the tested genotypes of pigeonpea. Genotype PigeonP-3021 exhibited high levels of beta-carotene and vitamin C, while Kiboko ICEAP-00932 and PigeonP-3018 had high contents of aluminium, iron, phosphorus and total phenolics. Genotype Ilonga_14m1 ICEAP-0054 had high compositions of zinc, potassium, magnesium, copper and calcium. Unique pigeonpea genotypes (i.e., PigeonP-3021, Kiboko ICEAP-00932, and PigeonP-3018) were identified for quality breeding or direct production with promising nutrient profiles for food and nutrition security.
营养不良仍然是影响撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）数百万人的主要人类健康问题之一。因此，本研究的目的是量化木豆基因型未成熟豆荚的营养和植物化学成分，以选择具有独特营养品质的优良品系用于生产和品种开发。使用随机完全区组设计，将七个初步测试和鉴定的木豆基因型在田间条件下种植，重复三次，以量化未成熟豆荚中的营养和植物化学含量。在所评估的营养和植物化学成分中检测到显著（≤0.01）的基因型效应。基因型Ilonga_14m1 ICEAP-0054中铁（15.53毫克/100克）、锌（1.59毫克/100克）、镁（114.60毫克/100克）和总黄酮（8.47毫克CE/克）的含量相对较高。在基因型Mali ICEAP-00046、PigeonP-3018和Kiboko ICEAP-00932中分别检测到较高的β-胡萝卜素（2.84毫克/100克）、总酚（20.42毫克GAE/克）和维生素C（95.84毫克/100克）含量。聚类分析将测试的基因型分为三个主要组。在所评估的营养和植物化学成分之间记录到显著（≤0.05）的正相关，这将允许直接和间接选择评估的基因型以改善营养和植物化学品质。主成分分析解析出四个成分，它们累计解释了木豆测试基因型中营养和植物化学成分总遗传变异的76.85%。基因型PigeonP-3021表现出高水平的β-胡萝卜素和维生素C，而Kiboko ICEAP-00932和PigeonP-3018含有高含量的铝、铁、磷和总酚。基因型Ilonga_14m1 ICEAP-0054含有高含量的锌、钾、镁、铜和钙。鉴定出了独特的木豆基因型（即PigeonP-3021、Kiboko ICEAP-00932和PigeonP-3018），用于品质育种或直接生产，具有有望保障粮食和营养安全的营养特征。
