Monrroy Mariel, García José Renán
Research Center in Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, Autonomous University of Chiriqui, David P.O. Box 0427, Panama.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, Autonomous University of Chiriqui, David P.O. Box 0427, Panama.
Molecules. 2025 Apr 15;30(8):1773. doi: 10.3390/molecules30081773.
(guandú) is a widely cultivated leguminous plant in Panama; however, its phytochemical composition remains underexplored. Traditionally used in Asia and Africa for its medicinal properties, the plant's bioactive compounds responsible for these benefits have not been fully identified. The phytochemical profile and antioxidant capacity of leaf extracts from Panama were characterized, highlighting their potential applications. Ethanolic extracts obtained via ultrasonication were analyzed through phytochemical screening, confirming the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. Spectrophotometric analysis revealed high total phenolic (71 mg g) and flavonoid (30 mg g) contents. Antioxidant assays demonstrated significant 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation (ABTS) inhibition and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified 35 bioactive compounds in leaves for the first time, including lupeol (antimicrobial and antitumor), lupenone (antidiabetic), squalene (antitumor and antioxidant), tocopherol (antioxidant), and β-amyrin (antibacterial and anti-Alzheimer's). These findings expand the known phytochemical profile of , supporting its pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and agro-industrial potential. Moreover, this research provides a foundation for further studies on the plant's bioactive compounds and their applications in human health and sustainable agriculture.
（关都）是巴拿马广泛种植的豆科植物；然而，其植物化学成分仍未得到充分探索。该植物在亚洲和非洲传统上因其药用特性而被使用，但其带来这些益处的生物活性化合物尚未完全确定。对来自巴拿马的叶片提取物的植物化学特征和抗氧化能力进行了表征，突出了它们的潜在应用。通过超声处理获得的乙醇提取物通过植物化学筛选进行分析，证实存在生物碱、单宁、皂苷和类固醇。分光光度分析显示总酚（71毫克/克）和黄酮类化合物（30毫克/克）含量很高。抗氧化测定表明对2,2'-联氮-双-（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）自由基阳离子（ABTS）有显著抑制作用以及对2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）自由基有清除活性。气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析首次在叶片中鉴定出了35种生物活性化合物，包括羽扇豆醇（抗菌和抗肿瘤）、羽扇豆酮（抗糖尿病）、角鲨烯（抗肿瘤和抗氧化）、生育酚（抗氧化）和β-香树脂醇（抗菌和抗阿尔茨海默病）。这些发现扩展了已知的（关都）植物化学特征，支持了其在制药、营养保健品和农业工业方面的潜力。此外，这项研究为进一步研究该植物的生物活性化合物及其在人类健康和可持续农业中的应用奠定了基础。
