Calvani Nichola Eliza Davies, Šlapeta Jan, Onizawa Emily, Eamens Kieran, Jenkins Cheryl, Westman Mark Edward
Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries and Environment, Menangle 2565, NSW, Australia.
Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia.
Curr Res Parasitol Vector Borne Dis. 2021 Feb 2;1:100012. doi: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2021.100012. eCollection 2021.
Bovine trichomonosis, caused by infection with the protozoan parasite , is globally recognised as a cause of reproductive failure in cattle. Maintained in clinically normal bulls, infection results in infertility and abortion in infected cows. In Australia's Northern Territory (NT), logistical limitations associated with extensive livestock production inhibit wide-scale testing and diagnosis, allowing the parasite to persist undetected. In the present study, was detected in 18/109 preputial cultures collected from bulls on a property in the NT with a history of low birth rates and reproductive failure using real-time PCR testing. Of the -positive samples, 13/18 were genotyped using the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS1 and ITS2) and the 5.8S rDNA unit. Selected samples were further characterised using the protein-coding genes of cysteine proteases (CP-1, 2, 4-9) and cytosolic malate dehydrogenase 1 (MDH-1) to determine if the isolates were 'bovine', 'feline' or 'Southern Africa' genotypes. All samples were 100% identical to the 'bovine' genotype across all markers. This is the first reported case of trichomonosis in Australian cattle since 1988 and is a reminder that should be considered whenever reproductive failure occurs in extensive cattle systems.
牛毛滴虫病由原生动物寄生虫感染引起，在全球范围内被公认为是导致牛繁殖失败的一个原因。该寄生虫在临床正常的公牛体内存活，感染后会导致受感染母牛不孕和流产。在澳大利亚北领地（NT），与粗放式畜牧业生产相关的后勤限制阻碍了大规模检测和诊断，使得该寄生虫一直未被发现。在本研究中，利用实时聚合酶链反应检测，从北领地一处有低出生率和繁殖失败病史的牧场的公牛采集的109份包皮培养物中，有18份检测到了该寄生虫。在检测呈阳性的样本中，18份中有13份利用内部转录间隔区（ITS1和ITS2）以及5.8S核糖体DNA单位进行了基因分型。选择的样本进一步利用半胱氨酸蛋白酶（CP - 1、2、4 - 9）和胞质苹果酸脱氢酶1（MDH - 1）的蛋白质编码基因进行特征分析，以确定分离株是“牛”、“猫”还是“南非”基因型。所有样本在所有标记上都与“牛”基因型100%相同。这是自1988年以来澳大利亚牛群中首次报告的毛滴虫病病例，这也提醒人们，在粗放式养牛系统中发生繁殖失败时，都应考虑到毛滴虫病。
