Indigenous Culture-as-Health: A Systematized Literature Review.

This paper has two goals regarding cultural rigor, defined as privileging cultural ways of knowing and being as a means to achieving health and well-being for future generations. First, we move the continuum of health practices beyond cultural grounding to include Indigenous Culture-as-Health. Second, this project expands the concept of Indigenous Culture-as-Health in addiction and recovery to include a broader range of health, inclusive of prevention, to further understand this emerging model. Our review of the literature yielded an expanded cultural continuum that includes Indigenous Culture-as-Health, which appears to rely on four modalities: 1) Indigenous ways of knowing, 2) Indigenous cultural practices, 3) place-based/sacred sites, and 4) Indigenous spirituality. For Indigenous health, standards are defined by centuries of ancestral consciousness among Indigenous people across generations, in spite of settler-colonial systems that do not serve them. In other words, Indigenous Culture-as-Health practices contribute to self-determination, sovereignty, and liberation. Incorporating these strategies also will ameliorate other problems related to White supremacy and health, such as epistemic exploitation. Additional implications for prevention practice and policy are described.