饮用水中的砷与肾癌：系统评价。
Arsenic in drinking water and kidney cancer: a systematic review.
机构信息
Environmental Technologies Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. Ahvaz, Iran.
Center of Excellence for Occupational Health, Research Center for Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
出版信息
Rev Environ Health. 2022 Mar 15;38(2):255-263. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2021-0168. Print 2023 Jun 27.
OBJECT
Arsenic as a chemical is found in rock, soil, air and used in various industries and their products, such as colors, hairs, and fertilizers. Humans may be exposed to arsenic mainly through food and drinking water. Due to its adverse health effects, its presence in drinking water has become a public health concern.
METHODS
In this systematic review, we investigated the relationship between arsenic concentration in drinking water and the risk of kidney cancer in humans. For this reason, various electronic databases were searched from 1992 February to November 2021. In this review, three ecological studies, two case-control studies, and four cohort studies were investigated.
RESULTS
High levels of arsenic (100 μg/L) have been reported in many countries such as southwest Taiwan, Niigata, Argentine, and northern Chile. A significant relationship was observed between kidney cancer incidence and its mortality rate with high arsenic levels in drinking water.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite the limitations in some previous studies, reviewing and comparing the data of different regions indicates a scientific relationship between kidney cancer incidence and high concentrations of arsenic in drinking water.
目的
砷是一种存在于岩石、土壤、空气和各种工业及其产品（如颜料、毛发和肥料）中的化学物质。人类主要通过食物和饮用水接触砷。由于其对健康的不良影响，饮用水中的砷含量已成为公共卫生关注的问题。
方法
在本次系统评价中，我们研究了饮用水中砷浓度与人类肾癌风险之间的关系。为此，我们从 1992 年 2 月到 2021 年 11 月，在各种电子数据库中进行了搜索。在本次综述中，共调查了三项生态学研究、两项病例对照研究和四项队列研究。
结果
在台湾西南部、新潟、阿根廷和智利北部等许多国家，饮用水中的砷含量高达 100μg/L。饮用水中砷含量高与肾癌的发病率和死亡率之间存在显著关系。
结论
尽管先前的一些研究存在局限性，但对不同地区数据的回顾和比较表明，肾癌发病率与饮用水中高浓度砷之间存在科学关系。
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