Perry Cydne A, Van Guilder Gary P, Butterick Tammy A
Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health, 1025 Seventh St., Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
Exercise and Sport Science Department, Western Colorado University, Gunnison, CO, 81230, USA.
BMC Nutr. 2022 Mar 15;8(1):24. doi: 10.1186/s40795-022-00516-9.
Elevated concentrations of myostatin inhibit muscle growth, function and strength. Myostatin is a mediator of sarcopenia and is associated with insulin resistance. For this study we tested the response of a calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on changes in myostatin, follistatin, and mystatin:follistatin ratio levels after 12 weeks in comparison to basline in adults aged 65 years and older. Furthermore we evaluated correlations between changes in myostatin, body composition and cardiometabolic biomarkers in this cohort of older adults.
This was a controlled-feeding diet intervention study in which females (n = 17) and males (n = 11) aged 65 years and older consumed either 85 g (n = 15) or 170 g (n = 13) of fresh lean beef within a standardized DASH diet for 12-weeks. Myostatin and follistatin concentrations were measured from fasted blood samples collected at 5 timepoints throughout the 12-week feeding intervention period. Correlations were assessed between changes in myostatin and follistatin levels and measures of body composition and cardiometabolic biomarkers.
There were no differences (p > 0.05) in circulating myostatin or follistatin levels between the beef intake groups. However, with beef groups combined myostatin decreased by 17.6% (p = 0.006) and the myostatin-to-follistatin ratio decreased by 16.5% (p < 0.001) in response to the study diet. Decreased myostatin was positively correlated with reductions in waist circumference (R = 0.163; p = 0.033) and fat mass (R = 0.233; p = 0.009). There was an inverse relationship between decreased myostatin and increased strength-to-weight ratio (R = 0.162; p = 0.034). The change in myostatin-to-follistatin ratio was associated with the change in skeletal muscle mass-to-fat mass ratio (R = 0.176; p = 0.026). Decreased myostatin was positively correlated with reductions in total cholesterol (R = 0.193; p = 0.012), LDL-C (R = 0.163; p = 0.031), insulin (R = 0.234; p = 0.009), and HOMA-IR (R = 0.248; P = 0.007). There was no change (p > 0.05) in circulating follistatin concentrations in response to the diet intervention.
The outcomes from this study suggest that a calorie-restricted DASH diet has the potential to reduce myostatin concentrations in older adults. Furthermore these outcomes support interrelationships between myostatin, body composition and cardiometabolic health in adults aged 65 years and older.
ClinicalTrials.gov; Identifier: NCT04127240 ; Registration Date: 15/10/ 2019.
肌肉生长抑制素浓度升高会抑制肌肉生长、功能和力量。肌肉生长抑制素是肌肉减少症的介质，与胰岛素抵抗有关。在本研究中，我们测试了限热量的终止高血压饮食疗法（DASH饮食）对65岁及以上成年人12周后肌肉生长抑制素、卵泡抑素以及肌肉生长抑制素与卵泡抑素比值水平变化的影响，并与基线水平进行比较。此外，我们评估了该老年人群中肌肉生长抑制素变化、身体成分和心脏代谢生物标志物之间的相关性。
这是一项对照饮食干预研究，65岁及以上的女性（n = 17）和男性（n = 11）在标准化的DASH饮食中，12周内分别食用85克（n = 15）或170克（n = 13）的新鲜瘦牛肉。在为期12周的喂养干预期间，在5个时间点采集空腹血样，测量肌肉生长抑制素和卵泡抑素浓度。评估肌肉生长抑制素和卵泡抑素水平变化与身体成分测量值和心脏代谢生物标志物之间的相关性。
牛肉摄入组之间循环肌肉生长抑制素或卵泡抑素水平无差异（p > 0.05）。然而，将牛肉组合并后，研究饮食使肌肉生长抑制素降低了17.6%（p = 0.006），肌肉生长抑制素与卵泡抑素的比值降低了16.5%（p < 0.001）。肌肉生长抑制素降低与腰围减少（R = 0.163；p = 0.033）和脂肪量减少（R = 0.233；p = 0.009）呈正相关。肌肉生长抑制素降低与力量体重比增加呈负相关（R = 0.162；p = 0.034）。肌肉生长抑制素与卵泡抑素比值的变化与骨骼肌质量与脂肪质量比值的变化相关（R = 0.176；p = 0.026）。肌肉生长抑制素降低与总胆固醇降低（R = 0.193；p = 0.012）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低（R = 0.163；p = 0.031）、胰岛素降低（R = 0.234；p = 0.009）和胰岛素抵抗指数降低（R = 0.248；P = 0.007）呈正相关。饮食干预后循环卵泡抑素浓度无变化（p > 0.05）。
本研究结果表明，限热量的DASH饮食有可能降低老年人的肌肉生长抑制素浓度。此外，这些结果支持了65岁及以上成年人中肌肉生长抑制素、身体成分和心脏代谢健康之间的相互关系。
ClinicalTrials.gov；标识符：NCT04127240；注册日期：2019年10月15日。
