College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430074, China.
College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430074, China.
Carbohydr Polym. 2022 May 15;284:119225. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119225. Epub 2022 Feb 5.
Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) are degradation products of alginate extracted from brown algae. With low molecular weight, high water solubility, and good biological activity, AOS present anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. They also exert growth-promoting effects in animals and plants. Three types of AOS, mannuronate oligosaccharides (MAOS), guluronate oligosaccharides (GAOS), and heterozygous mannuronate and guluronate oligosaccharides (HAOS), can be produced from alginate by enzymatic hydrolysis. Thus far, most studies on the applications and biological activities of AOS have been based mainly on a hybrid form of HAOS. To improve the directional production of AOS for practical applications, systematic studies on the structures and related biological activities of AOS are needed. This review provides a summary of current understanding of structure-function relationships and advances in the production of AOS. The current challenges and opportunities in the application of AOS is suggested to guide the precise application of AOS in practice.
藻酸盐寡糖（AOS）是从褐藻中提取的藻酸盐的降解产物。AOS 具有低分子量、高水溶性和良好的生物活性，呈现出抗炎、抗菌、抗氧化和抗肿瘤特性。它们还对动植物具有促进生长的作用。通过酶解可以从藻酸盐中产生三种类型的 AOS，即甘露糖醛酸盐寡糖（MAOS）、古洛糖醛酸盐寡糖（GAOS）和杂合的甘露糖醛酸盐和古洛糖醛酸盐寡糖（HAOS）。迄今为止，AOS 的应用和生物活性的大多数研究主要基于 HAOS 的混合形式。为了提高 AOS 实际应用的定向生产，需要对 AOS 的结构和相关生物活性进行系统研究。本文综述了目前对 AOS 结构-功能关系的认识和 AOS 生产方面的进展。提出了 AOS 应用中当前的挑战和机遇，以指导 AOS 在实践中的精确应用。
