Hemmeter Ulrich Michael, Ngamsri Theofanis
Alters- und Neuropsychiatrie, Psychiatrie St. Gallen Nord, Wil.
Praxis (Bern 1994). 2022;110(4):193-198. doi: 10.1024/1661-8157/a003853.
Physical Activity and Mental Health in the Elderly The aging process is closely linked to physiological changes. These physiological changes may lead to an increased vulnerability for developing somatic and mental disorders. Reduced physical activity/sedentary behaviour can enhance this process. In contrast, physical training and sports counteract this process, in particular in the elderly, who may thus gain or maintain a younger biological age. Physical fitness is associated with better mental health in the elderly. Sports and physical activity over the course of life have shown to be of preventive value concerning the development of depression and dementia in old age. Also late-life depression and cognitive impairment (MCI, mild cognitive impairment) can be improved by regular, continuous physical exercise. Some data furthermore suggest that even patients with dementia benefit from physical exercise, especially on behalf of the behavioural and psychic symptoms of dementia (BPSD).
老年人的身体活动与心理健康 衰老过程与生理变化密切相关。这些生理变化可能导致患躯体和精神疾病的易感性增加。身体活动减少/久坐行为会加剧这一过程。相比之下，体育锻炼和运动可以抵消这一过程，尤其是对老年人而言，他们因此可能获得或保持更年轻的生物学年龄。身体健康与老年人更好的心理健康相关。一生中的体育活动和身体锻炼已被证明对预防老年抑郁症和痴呆症具有价值。定期、持续的体育锻炼也可以改善晚年抑郁症和认知障碍（轻度认知障碍，MCI）。此外，一些数据表明，即使是痴呆症患者也能从体育锻炼中受益，尤其是在改善痴呆症的行为和精神症状（BPSD）方面。
